Brain Structural Covariance Network in Asperger Syndrome Differs From Those in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Controls

Faridi, Farnaz; Seyedebrahimi, Afrooz; Khosrowabadi, Reza

doi:10.32598/bcn.2021.2262.1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 106 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Within these two origins, many publications have been selected by direct comparison with others, which are similar in properties but less complete and precisely focused. Similar criteria have been used in the choice of ASD with respect to other subcategories, such as Asperger's syndrome [17,18], which is also generated, but distinct, in the autism area. These other subcategories are not presented in parallel to ASD but rather only mentioned.…”

Section: Generalities About Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Areas Involved, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Diagnoses and Therapies

Lamanna,

Meldolesi

2024

IJMS

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), affecting over 2% of the pre-school children population, includes an important fraction of the conditions accounting for the heterogeneity of autism. The disease was discovered 75 years ago, and the present review, based on critical evaluations of the recognized ASD studies from the beginning of 1990, has been further developed by the comparative analyses of the research and clinical reports, which have grown progressively in recent years up to late 2023. The tools necessary for the identification of the ASD disease and its related clinical pathologies are genetic and epigenetic mutations affected by the specific interaction with transcription factors and chromatin remodeling processes occurring within specific complexes of brain neurons. Most often, the ensuing effects induce the inhibition/excitation of synaptic structures sustained primarily, at dendritic fibers, by alterations of flat and spine response sites. These effects are relevant because synapses, established by specific interactions of neurons with glial cells, operate as early and key targets of ASD. The pathology of children is often suspected by parents and communities and then confirmed by ensuing experiences. The final diagnoses of children and mature patients are then completed by the combination of neuropsychological (cognitive) tests and electro-/magneto-encephalography studies developed in specialized centers. ASD comorbidities, induced by processes such as anxieties, depressions, hyperactivities, and sleep defects, interact with and reinforce other brain diseases, especially schizophrenia. Advanced therapies, prescribed to children and adult patients for the control of ASD symptoms and disease, are based on the combination of well-known brain drugs with classical tools of neurologic and psychiatric practice. Overall, this review reports and discusses the advanced knowledge about the biological and medical properties of ASD.

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Section: Generalities About Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Areas Involved, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Diagnoses and Therapies

Lamanna,

Meldolesi

2024

IJMS

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Neural basis underlying the association between thought control ability and happiness: The moderating role of the amygdala

Li,

Yan,

Jia

et al. 2024

PsyCh Journal

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Thought control ability (TCA) plays an important role in individuals' health and happiness. Previous studies demonstrated that TCA was closely conceptually associated with happiness. However, empirical research supporting this relationship was limited. In addition, the neural basis underlying TCA and how this neural basis influences the relationship between TCA and happiness remain unexplored. In the present study, the voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) method was adopted to investigate the neuroanatomical basis of TCA in 314 healthy subjects. The behavioral results revealed a significant positive association between TCA and happiness. On the neural level, there was a significant negative correlation between TCA and the gray matter density (GMD) of the bilateral amygdala. Split‐half validation analysis revealed similar results, further confirming the stability of the VBM analysis findings. Furthermore, gray matter covariance network and graph theoretical analyses showed positive association between TCA and both the node degree and node strength of the amygdala. Moderation analysis revealed that the GMD of the amygdala moderated the relationship between TCA and happiness. Specifically, the positive association between TCA and self‐perceived happiness was stronger in subjects with a lower GMD of the amygdala. The present study indicated the neural basis underlying the association between TCA and happiness and offered a method of improving individual well‐being.

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Topological regularization of networks in temporal lobe epilepsy: a structural MRI study

Chen,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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ObjectivePatients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often exhibit neurocognitive disorders; however, we still know very little about the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in patients with TLE. Therefore, our aim is to detect changes in the structural connectivity networks (SCN) of patients with TLE.MethodsThirty-five patients with TLE were compared with 47 normal controls (NC) matched according to age, gender, handedness, and education level. All subjects underwent thin-slice T1WI scanning of the brain using a 3.0 T MRI. Then, a large-scale structural covariance network was constructed based on the gray matter volume extracted from the structural MRI. Graph theory was then used to determine the topological changes in the structural covariance network of TLE patients.ResultsAlthough small-world networks were retained, the structural covariance network of TLE patients exhibited topological irregularities in regular architecture as evidenced by an increase in the small world properties (p < 0.001), normalized clustering coefficient (p < 0.001), and a decrease in the transfer coefficient (p < 0.001) compared with the NC group. Locally, TLE patients showed a decrease in nodal betweenness and degree in the left lingual gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus and right thalamus compared with the NC group (p < 0.05, uncorrected). The degree of structural networks in both TLE (Temporal Lobe Epilepsy) and control groups was distributed exponentially in truncated power law. In addition, the stability of random faults in the structural covariance network of TLE patients was stronger (p = 0.01), but its fault tolerance was lower (p = 0.03).ConclusionThe objective of this study is to investigate the potential neurobiological mechanisms associated with temporal lobe epilepsy through graph theoretical analysis, and to examine the topological characteristics and robustness of gray matter structural networks at the network level.

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Brain Structural Covariance Network in Asperger Syndrome Differs From Those in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Controls

Cited by 3 publications

References 106 publications

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Areas Involved, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Diagnoses and Therapies

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Areas Involved, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Diagnoses and Therapies

Neural basis underlying the association between thought control ability and happiness: The moderating role of the amygdala

Topological regularization of networks in temporal lobe epilepsy: a structural MRI study

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