Brain Structural Abnormalities in a Group of Never-Medicated Patients With Long-Term Schizophrenia

Zhang, Wenjing; Deng, Wei; Yao, Li; Xiao, Yuan; Li, Fēi; Liu, Jieke; Sweeney, John A.; Lui, Su; Gong, Qiyong

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14091108

Cited by 78 publications

(70 citation statements)

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“…GMV reduction was also found in the thalamus, which has been related to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia 38 . In agreement with previous studies 5, 39 , we found GMV reduction in the MTG and STG. These regions involve in auditory and language processing, the impairments of which are associated with core symptoms of schizophrenia, such as auditory hallucination 40 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

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Combination of volume and perfusion parameters reveals different types of grey matter changes in schizophrenia

Qin

Zhuo

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Diverse brain structural and functional changes have been reported in schizophrenia. Identifying different types of brain changes may help to understand the neural mechanisms and to develop reliable biomarkers in schizophrenia. We aimed to categorize different grey matter changes in schizophrenia based on grey matter volume (GMV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Structural and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired in 100 schizophrenia patients and 95 healthy comparison subjects. Voxel-based GMV comparison was used to show structural changes, CBF analysis was used to demonstrate functional changes. We identified three types of grey matter changes in schizophrenia: structural and functional impairments in the anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex, displaying reduction in both GMV and CBF; structural impairment with preserved function in the frontal and temporal cortices, demonstrating decreased GMV with normal CBF; pure functional abnormality in the anterior cingulate cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex and putamen, showing altered CBF with normal GMV. By combination of GMV and CBF, we identified three types of grey matter changes in schizophrenia. These findings may help to understand the complex manifestations and to develop reliable biomarkers in schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…GMV reduction has been considered as the most prominent structural changes in schizophrenia 1 . The reduced GMV has been found in multiple brain regions 2–4 and in various schizophrenia related subpopulations 5–7 . The cerebral blood flow (CBF) is a reliable imaging index to characterize brain functional changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of volume and perfusion parameters reveals different types of grey matter changes in schizophrenia

Qin

Zhuo

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…30 Grey matter increase in patients with psychosis has now been reported in both crosssectional studies of treated [31][32][33] and neuroleptic-naive patients 34,35 and in longitudinal studies [36][37][38][39][40][41] in which patients were treated with antipsychotics. Dukart and colleagues report that a medium to large effect size of increase in grey matter tissue can occur even before the onset of psychosis in individuals with ARMS.…”

Section: J Psychiatry Neurosci 2017;42(5)mentioning

confidence: 86%

The neurobiology of transition to psychosis

Palaniyappan

Das

Dempster

2017

JPN

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“…The reliability of the method was validated against histological analysis of postmortem brains (Rosas et al, 2002) and manual measurements (Salat et al, 2004), and test-retest reliability was high (Han et al, 2006). In brief, the procedure involved automated registration to the Talairach space, normalization of intensity, segmentation of the gray matter, white matter and CSF, tessellation of the gray matter and white matter boundaries, and an automated topology correction and surface deformation following intensity gradients to optimally place the gray/white and gray/CSF borders defined at the location with the greatest shift in signal intensity (Dale et al, 1999, Fischl and Dale, 2000, Fischl et al, 2002, Fischl et al, 2004, Zhang et al, 2015). The results of this segmentation procedure were inspected visually and, if necessary, edited manually by adding control points.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray Matter Abnormalities in Non-comorbid Medication-naive Patients with Major Depressive Disorder or Social Anxiety Disorder

et al. 2017

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BackgroundAn overlap of clinical symptoms between major depressive disorder (MDD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) suggests that the two disorders exhibit similar brain mechanisms. However, few studies have directly compared the brain structures of the two disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the gray matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness alterations between non-comorbid medication-naive MDD patients and SAD patients.MethodsHigh-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired from 37 non-comorbid MDD patients, 24 non-comorbid SAD patients and 41 healthy controls (HCs). Voxel-based morphometry analysis of the GMV (corrected with a false discovery rate of p < 0.001) and vertex-based analysis of cortical thickness (corrected with a clusterwise probability of p < 0.001) were performed, and group differences were compared by ANOVA followed by post hoc tests.OutcomesRelative to the HCs, both the MDD patients and SAD patients showed the following results: GMV reductions in the bilateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC), putamen, and thalamus; cortical thickening in the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex, posterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, insular cortex, left temporal pole, and right superior parietal cortex; and cortical thinning in the left lateral OFC and bilateral rostral middle frontal cortex. In addition, MDD patients specifically showed a greater thickness in the left fusiform gyrus and right lateral occipital cortex and a thinner thickness in the bilateral lingual and left cuneus. SAD patients specifically showed a thinner cortical thickness in the right precentral cortex.InterpretationOur results indicate that MDD and SAD share common patterns of gray matter abnormalities in the orbitofrontal-striatal-thalamic circuit, salience network and dorsal attention network. These consistent structural differences in the two patient groups may contribute to the broad spectrum of emotional, cognitive and behavioral disturbances observed in MDD patients and SAD patients. In addition, we found disorder-specific involvement of the visual processing regions in MDD and the precentral cortex in SAD. These findings provide new evidence regarding the shared and specific neuropathological mechanisms that underlie MDD and SAD.

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Brain Structural Abnormalities in a Group of Never-Medicated Patients With Long-Term Schizophrenia

Cited by 78 publications

References 78 publications

Combination of volume and perfusion parameters reveals different types of grey matter changes in schizophrenia

Combination of volume and perfusion parameters reveals different types of grey matter changes in schizophrenia

The neurobiology of transition to psychosis

Gray Matter Abnormalities in Non-comorbid Medication-naive Patients with Major Depressive Disorder or Social Anxiety Disorder

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