Brain space and time in mental disorders: Paradigm shift in biological psychiatry

Fingelkurts, Andrew A.; Fingelkurts, Alexander A.

doi:10.1177/0091217418791438

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Our data provide evidence that MDD may be a disorder of spatial topography of the brain's global activity, as postulated in the RSHD [83]. More generally, this strongly supports the idea that psychopathological symptoms are driven by and based on abnormal spatio-temporal structure and organization with spatial dynamics, as in our case of GS topography in MDD, providing the "common currency" of neuronal and mental levels [90,91]-this entails what recently has been introduced as "Spatio-temporal Psychopathology" [82,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

All roads lead to the default-mode network—global source of DMN abnormalities in major depressive disorder

Scalabrini

Vai

Poletti

et al. 2020

Neuropsychopharmacol.

137

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by abnormal resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) in various neural networks and especially in default-mode network (DMN). However, inconsistent findings, i.e., increased and decreased DMN rsFC, have been reported, which raise the question for the source of DMN changes in MDD. Testing whether the DMN abnormalities in MDD can be traced to either a local, i.e., intra-network, or a global, i.e., inter-network, source, we conducted a novel sequence of rsFC analyses, i.e., global FC, intra-network FC, and inter-network FC. Moreover, all analyses were conducted without global signal regression (non-GSR) and with GSR in order to identify the impact of specifically the global component of functional connectivity on within-network functional connectivity within specifically the DMN. In MDD our findings demonstrate (i) increased representation of global signal correlation (GSCORR) in DMN regions, as confirmed independently by degree of centrality (DC) and by an independent DMN template, (ii) increased within-network DMN rsFC, (iii) highly increased inter-network rsFC of both lower-and higher order non-DMN networks with DMN, (iv) high accuracy in classifying MDD vs. healthy subjects by using GSCORR as predictor. Further supporting the global, i.e., non-DMN source of within-network rsFC of the DMN, all results were obtained only when including the global signal, i.e., non-GSR, but not when conducting GSR. Together, we show for the first time increased global signal representation within rsFC of DMN as stemming from inter-network sources as distinguished from local sources, i.e., withinor intra-DMN.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

All roads lead to the default-mode network—global source of DMN abnormalities in major depressive disorder

Scalabrini

Vai

Poletti

et al. 2020

Neuropsychopharmacol.

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Our findings may open novel opportunities for therapeutic interventions. Psychotherapeutic protocols can be developed based on thought dynamics as a transdiagnostic factor in psychopathology, i.e., rumination-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy [54]. Moreover, our results suggest adding focused attention methods [55, 56] such as mindfulness that focus on shifting the direction of thoughts (internal-external) and it might enhance the power (energy) of shifting and balance the duration of internally oriented thoughts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Slow and Powerless Thought Dynamic Relates to Brooding in Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

et al. 2022

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Introduction: Depression can be characterized by rumination that is featured by spontaneity and perseveration of internally oriented thoughts. At the same time, depressed subjects complain about abnormal slowness and lack of power/energy in their thoughts, suggesting abnormal “thought dynamics.” The relationship between rumination and thought dynamics in depression remains unclear, though. Method: We investigated thought dynamics and rumination in healthy control, major depressive disorder (MDD), and depressed bipolar disorder (BD) subjects. The dynamics in the spontaneous shift between internally and externally oriented thoughts were measured by a novel method of continuous experience sampling whose time series was subjected to power and frequency analyses. Subjects filled out the Beck Depression Inventory-II and Ruminative Response Scale questionnaires to evaluate current depressive symptoms and ruminative responses to negative affect. The methods used to analyze data included χ2, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, and partial correlation. Results: Our main findings are: (i) increased number and longer duration of internally oriented thought contents in MDD and BD; (ii) reduced thought dynamics with slower frequency (calculated in Hz) and decreased power (power spectral density) in shifting between internally and externally oriented thoughts, especially in MDD and, less strongly, in BD subjects; and (iii) power spectral density as a dimension of thought dynamics is related to brooding rumination with depression severity explaining high degrees of their variance. Conclusion: Our results show slow frequency and low power in the internal-external thought dynamic of acute MDD and depressed BD. Together with its close relation to depression severity and rumination, our findings highlight the key importance of abnormal dynamics on the cognitive level of depression.

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“…Other neuroscientific approaches of self‐experience, suggest a central role of time–space dynamics as it is manifest in both the brain's neural activity and the subjective experience of time and space. This has been described as ‘Spatiotemporal Psychopathology’ (Fingelkurts & Fingelkurts, 2019 ; Northoff, 2018a , 2018b ; Northoff et al, 2019 ; Northoff & Stanghellini, 2016 ). In a recent study (Northoff et al, 2020 ) found abnormal temporal integration in EEG during self‐related processing in schizophrenia indicating a relationship between the temporal dynamics in the brain and SD's.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating self‐disorders to neurocognitive and psychopathological measures in first‐episode schizophrenia

Sandsten

Wainio-Theberge

Nordgaard

et al. 2022

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: The notion of a disturbed self as the core feature of schizophrenia dates back to the founding texts on the illness. Since the development of the psychometric tool for examination of anomalous self-experience (EASE), self-disorders have become accessible to empirical research. Empirical studies have shown that EASE measured selfdisorders predict schizophrenia spectrum in prospective studies and consistently show a selective hyper aggregation of self-disorder in schizophrenia and schizotypal disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between selfdisorders cognitive deficits and symptoms in schizophrenia.Methods: Thirty-five non-acute first-episode patients with schizophrenia and 35 matched healthy controls were evaluated with EASE, cognitive deficits, and symptoms (PANSS positive, negative and general). [Correction added on 28 January 2022, after first online publication: the words, 'evaluated with' were missing and have now been added to the preceding sentence.] Results:The results show that self-disorders and symptoms are correlated among patients with schizophrenia, but not with cognitive deficits. Moreover, with the exception of attentional deficits, neurocognitive impairment was not significantly higher among patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Conclusions:We argue that this adds support to a view of schizophrenia as being characterized by specific traits of pre-reflective self-disturbance, which are related to the severity of symptoms, whereas neurocognitive impairment reflects a separate or distinct aspect of schizophrenia.

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Brain space and time in mental disorders: Paradigm shift in biological psychiatry

Cited by 24 publications

References 74 publications

All roads lead to the default-mode network—global source of DMN abnormalities in major depressive disorder

All roads lead to the default-mode network—global source of DMN abnormalities in major depressive disorder

Slow and Powerless Thought Dynamic Relates to Brooding in Unipolar and Bipolar Depression

Relating self‐disorders to neurocognitive and psychopathological measures in first‐episode schizophrenia

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