“Brain sex differentiation” in teleosts: Emerging concepts with potential biomarkers

Senthilkumaran, B.; Sudhakumari, C.C.; Mamta, Sajwan-Khatri; Kavarthapu, Raghuveer; Swapna, I.; Murugananthkumar, Raju

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.06.003

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…In this study, dopaminergic synapse and the glutamatergic synapse pathways were enriched in the brains before gonadal differentiation, which might be related to the sexual differences of the dendritic spines density. Tph , which had been considered as a brain sex differentiation marker (Senthilkumaran et al, ) was expressed at higher levels in females than in males at 8 cm TL in this study. However, tph was expressed higher in the male brain than in the female brain in C. gariepinus (Raghuveer et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Analyses of mRNA‐seq and miRNA‐seq of the brain reveal the sex differences of gene expression and regulation before and during gonadal differentiation in 17β‐estradiol or 17α‐methyltestosterone‐induced olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Zou

Fan

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is a commercially important flatfish species cultured in East Asia. Female flounders generally grow more rapidly than males, therefore control of the sex ratio seems to be a proposed way to increase production.However, the sex determination gene and sex determination mechanism have yet been elucidated. The brain is an important organ that is involved in gonadal development. To explore the sex differences of gene expression in the brain before and during the flounder gonadal differentiation, we used messenger RNA (mRNA)-seq technology to investigate transcriptomes of male and female brains. Between female and male brains, 103 genes were differentially expressed before ovarian differentiation, 16 genes were differentially expressed before testicular differentiation, and 64 genes were differentially expressed during gonadal differentiation. According to annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes information, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in circadian rhythm, circadian rhythm-fly, circadian entrainment, dopaminergic synapse, calcium signaling, glutamatergic synapse, taste transduction, herpes simplex infection, long-term depression, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, and the synaptic vesicle cycle pathways.MicroRNA (miRNA)-seq was performed during the gonadal differentiation and the target genes of miRNAs were predicted. Integrated analysis of mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq showed that 29 of the 64 DEGs were regulated by the differentially expressed miRNAs during the gonadal differentiation. Our study provides a basis for further studies of brain sex differentiation and the molecular mechanism of sex determination in olive flounder.K E Y W O R D S brain, gonadal differentiation, miRNA-seq, mRNA-seq, olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Analyses of mRNA‐seq and miRNA‐seq of the brain reveal the sex differences of gene expression and regulation before and during gonadal differentiation in 17β‐estradiol or 17α‐methyltestosterone‐induced olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Zou

Fan

et al. 2019

Molecular Reproduction Devel

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“…In teleosts, aromatase expression is high in the brain compared to mammals, resulting in high production of neuroestrogens (Blazquez and Somoza, 2010;Le Page et al, 2010). The brains aromatase cyp19a1b gene is specifically regulated there, suggesting early sexualization of the brain (Gennotte et al, 2017;Senthilkumaran et al, 2015). Its expression is more elevated in HT-induced male pejerrey (Diotel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-ratio, early sex steroid profiles and cyp19a1b, dmrt1 and foxl2 gene expressions upon high temperature treatment of undifferentiated African catfish juveniles (Clarias gariepinus)

Santi

Gennotte

Müller³

et al. 2019

Aquaculture

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“…A dimorphic expression of tph during early brain development around the critical period of gonadal sex determination was also observed in the Nile tilapia ( O. niloticus ), also indicating a role of serotonin in brain sex differentiation in this species 64 . The same authors observed that tph was male brain-specific (in the telencephalon-preoptic area) during early development (at 12 dph) and the changes in tph expression agreed with the levels of serotonin in the preoptic area-hypothalamus 65 . Reciprocal interactions between central CRF and serotonergic systems are involved in modulating reproductive and social behaviors in many vertebrates, including fish 66 , 67 ; and our findings hint at a possible communication between these two systems also during sex determination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass

Geffroy

Gesto

Clota

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), as in many other fish species, temperature is known to influence the sex of individuals, with more males produced at relatively high temperatures. It is however unclear to what extent growth or stress are involved in such a process, since temperature is known to influence both growth rate and cortisol production. Here, we designed an experiment aiming at reducing stress and affecting early growth rate. We exposed larvae and juveniles originating from both captive and wild parents to three different treatments: low stocking density, food supplemented with tryptophan and a control. Low stocking density and tryptophan treatment respectively increased and decreased early growth rate. Each treatment influenced the stress response depending on the developmental stage, although no clear pattern regarding the whole-body cortisol concentration was found. During sex differentiation, fish in the low-density treatment exhibited lower expression of gr1, gr2, mr, and crf in the hypothalamus when compared to the control group. Fish fed tryptophan displayed lower crf in the hypothalamus and higher level of serotonin in the telencephalon compared to controls. Overall, fish kept at low density produced significantly more females than both control and fish fed tryptophan. Parents that have been selected for growth for three generations also produced significantly more females than parents of wild origin. Our findings did not allow to detect a clear effect of stress at the group level and rather point out a key role of early sexually dimorphic growth rate in sex determination.

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“Brain sex differentiation” in teleosts: Emerging concepts with potential biomarkers

Cited by 31 publications

References 70 publications

Analyses of mRNA‐seq and miRNA‐seq of the brain reveal the sex differences of gene expression and regulation before and during gonadal differentiation in 17β‐estradiol or 17α‐methyltestosterone‐induced olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Analyses of mRNA‐seq and miRNA‐seq of the brain reveal the sex differences of gene expression and regulation before and during gonadal differentiation in 17β‐estradiol or 17α‐methyltestosterone‐induced olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Sex-ratio, early sex steroid profiles and cyp19a1b, dmrt1 and foxl2 gene expressions upon high temperature treatment of undifferentiated African catfish juveniles (Clarias gariepinus)

Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass

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