Brain renin-angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases

Huber, G; Schuster, Frank; Raasch, Walter

doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.06.016

Cited by 52 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a central role in the homeostatic control of the cardiovascular and renal systems, and in regulating the volume of extracellular fluid [206, 207]. The RAS consists of several enzymatic reactions that generate angiotensin II (ANG II).…”

Section: Mast Cells and The Renin-angiotensin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, renin cleaves angiotensinogen to produce ANG I, which is then hydrolyzed by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to produce ANG II. This peptide acts on ANG II type 1 receptor (AT 1 R) and AT 2 R. ANG II promotes vasoconstriction, inflammation, salt and water reabsorption, and oxidative stress via the activation of AT 1 R [206, 207]. …”

Section: Mast Cells and The Renin-angiotensin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Roles of Mast Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2019

Varricchi

Rossi

Galdiero

et al. 2019

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Mast cells are immune cells which have a widespread distribution in nearly all tissues. These cells and their mediators are canonically viewed as primary effector cells in allergic disorders. However, in the last years, mast cells have gained recognition for their involvement in several physiological and pathological conditions. They are highly heterogeneous immune cells displaying a constellation of surface receptors and producing a wide spectrum of inflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators. These features enable the cells to act as sentinels in harmful situations as well as respond to metabolic and immune changes in their microenvironment. Moreover, they communicate with many immune and nonimmune cells implicated in several immunological responses. Although mast cells contribute to host responses in experimental infections, there is no satisfactory model to study how they contribute to infection outcome in humans. Mast cells modulate physiological and pathological angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, but their role in tumor initiation and development is still controversial. Cardiac mast cells store and release several mediators that can exert multiple effects in the homeostatic control of different cardiometabolic functions. Although mast cells and their mediators have been simplistically associated with detrimental roles in allergic disorders, there is increasing evidence that they can also have homeostatic or protective roles in several pathophysiological processes. These findings may reflect the functional heterogeneity of different subsets of mast cells.

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Section: Mast Cells and The Renin-angiotensin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mast Cells and The Renin-angiotensin Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Roles of Mast Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2019

Varricchi

Rossi

Galdiero

et al. 2019

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Angiotensin II (Ang II) produced in the brain plays some roles as neuropeptide, neuromodulator, neurotransmitter and neurohormone . Central Ang II regulates various physiological responses including vasopressin secretion, water intake and blood pressure (BP) increase through centrally located Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptors . In addition, the previous report showed that centrally administered Ang II stimulated the release of adrenaline from the adrenal medulla in rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Central Ang II regulates various physiological responses including vasopressin secretion, water intake and blood pressure (BP) increase through centrally located Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptors. 4,5 In addition, the previous report showed that centrally administered Ang II stimulated the release of adrenaline from the adrenal medulla in rats. This data suggests central Ang II activates the sympatho-adrenomedullary system, 6 a characteristic feature of the stress response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Central angiotensin II type 1 receptor as a therapeutic target against frequent urination

Shimizu

Nagao

et al. 2019

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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Aims The goal of this study was to test whether central corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) was involved in angiotensin II (Ang II) and Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor‐mediated facilitation of micturition reflex and to investigate whether peripherally administered telmisartan, AT1 receptor antagonist, suppresses the central Ang II‐induced facilitation of micturition reflex in rats. Methods Urethane anesthetized male Wistar rats were placed under continuous cystometry before and after intracerebroventricular administration of each drug. Rats were intracerebroventricularly administered telmisartan (AT1 receptor antagonist), CP154526 (CRF1 receptor antagonist), or K41498 (CRF2 receptor antagonist) 30 minutes before intracerebroventricular administration of Ang II. Some male Wistar rats were perorally pretreated with either vehicle, AT1 receptor antagonist telmisartan or valsartan, once daily for 8 days, then measured blood pressure. Thereafter, Ang II was intracerebroventricularly administered for continuous cystometry. Results Intracerebroventricularly administered telmisartan or CP154526 dose‐dependently suppressed the central Ang II‐induced intercontraction interval (ICI) reduction. In contrast, intracerebroventricularly administered K41498 did not affect the central Ang II‐induced response compared to vehicle pretreatment. Peripherally administered telmisartan but not valsartan suppressed the central Ang II‐induced ICI reduction in rats compared to vehicle administration without altering blood pressure. Conclusions Central Ang II induced facilitation of the micturition reflex through AT1 and CRF1 receptors. Peripherally administered telmisartan suppressed central Ang II‐induced facilitation of micturition reflex.

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“…In addition to endocrine and systemic actions of the RAS, which are now well described, all components of the RAS have now been identified in the brain. Although previously controversial, a number of recent articles have extensively reviewed the current literature on RAS control of central BP regulation providing positive evidence for its importance [23,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. A number of animal models have demonstrated the importance of the brain RAS on development and maintenance of HTN [46][47][48][49][50][51][52].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Physiological Aspects of Brain RAS in Hypertension

2018

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Studies using neuronal or glial-specifc mouse models have allowed for greater understanding into the site-specific expression and role centrally expressed RAS proteins have on BP regulation. While all components of the RAS have been identified in cardiovascular regulatory regions of the brain, their actions may be site specific. In a number of animal models of hypertension, reduction in Ang II-mediated signaling, or upregulation of the central ACE2/Ang 1-7 pathway, has been shown to reduce BP, via a reduction in sympathetic signaling and increase parasympathetic tone, respectively. Emerging evidence also suggests that, in part, the female protective phenotype against hypertension may be due to inceased ACE2 activity within cardiovascular regulatory regions of the brain, potentially mediated by estrogen. Increasing evidence suggests the importance of a central renin-angiotensin pathway, although its localization and the mechanisms involved in its expression and regulation still need to be clarified and more precisely defined. All reported studies/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amendments, institutional/national research committee standards, and international/national/institutional guidelines).

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Brain renin-angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 52 publications

References 251 publications

Physiological Roles of Mast Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2019

Physiological Roles of Mast Cells: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2019

Central angiotensin II type 1 receptor as a therapeutic target against frequent urination

Integrative Physiological Aspects of Brain RAS in Hypertension

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