Abstract:Upon awakening from nighttime sleep, the stress hormone cortisol exhibits a burst in the morning within 30-minutes in humans. This cortisol awakening response (CAR) is thought to prepare the brain for upcoming challenges. Yet, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the CAR-mediated 'preparation' function remains unknown. Using blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) with a dedicated prospective design and pharmacological manipulation, we investigated this proactive mec… Show more
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