Brain MRI, Apoliprotein E Genotype, and Plasma Homocysteine in American Indian Alzheimer Disease Patients and Indian Controls

Weiner, Myron; Plata, Carlos Marquez de la; Fields, B. A Julie; Womack, Kyle; Rosenberg, Roger N.; Gong, Yun Hua; Qu, Bao-Xi; Hynan, Linda S.

doi:10.2174/156720509787313952

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Plasma was shipped in refrigerated transport tubes to a commercial laboratory (LabCorp) at which samples were analyzed using methods described elsewhere. 23 HC determinations for whites had been carried out earlier in a Dallas laboratory using a similar method. 24 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Relationship of Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Alzheimer Disease in Choctaw Indians

Weiner

Hynan

Rossetti

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To test the hypothesis that cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) influence predisposition to and the clinical course of Alzheimer disease (AD), the authors compared Choctaw Indians, a group with known high CRF with white subjects with AD. In addition to CRF history, the authors investigated the frequency of apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) genotype and plasma homocysteine (HC) levels. Method The authors compared 39 Choctaw Indians with AD and 39 Choctaw Indians without AD to 39 white subjects with AD with all groups similar in age. CRF history included diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol or hypolipidemic agent use, or myocardial infarction. The authors also compared plasma HC concentration and apoE4 allele frequency. Results Choctaw subjects with AD differed significantly from white subjects with AD in history of hypertension, diabetes, and in HC values but not from Indians without AD. There was a significantly lower apoE4 allele frequency in Choctaw Indian AD than white subjects with AD, and both AD groups had an affected first degree relative significantly more often than Indian controls. There was no relationship between the number of CRF history and age at onset among Indians or whites, whereas HC concentration was associated with significantly earlier age of onset for Choctaw Indians but not for whites. Conclusions This small study suggests that in Choctaw Indians modifiable risk factors may play more of a role in disease pathogenesis than in whites and that nonmodifiable risk factors such as apoE4 may play less of a role.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genotyping was performed in the laboratory of RDA, as described elsewhere. 23 Indian samples were confirmed by the UT Southwestern Sequencing Core.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Alzheimer Disease in Choctaw Indians

Weiner

Hynan

Rossetti

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, no significant difference was found in homocysteine concentration between males and females of the control group. American-Indian patients with AD and 10 Indian control participants, mean plasma homocysteine level was higher in AD patients (11 vs. 9.8 μmol/L), but the difference was not significant (62). In 2011, Rajagopalan et al studied 732 old people consisting of 203 healthy indivituals, 173 with AD and 356 with mild cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Homocysteine and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Homocysteine in Diseases: A Review

Binabaj¹,

Joshaghani²,

Nejabat³

2016

mljgoums

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality worldwide. Several risk factors have been proposed to be associated with CVD. The main risk factors include family history, smoking, hypertension, history of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity. However, new factors have been recently proposed to be associated with CVD. These include blood homocysteine, fibrinogen, plasma factor VII activity, lipoprotein (a) and several other factors. Nowadays, the role of homocysteine in the development and exacerbation of several diseases has been demonstrated. Extensive studies have been performed on the role of homocysteine in diabetes, preeclampsia, depression, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Homocysteine level increases with age. Moreover, absorption of micronutrients, especially vitamin B12, decreases in old age that could cause a further increase in homocysteine level. On the other hand, elasticity of blood vessels decline with aging, and increased levels of homocysteine accelerate atherosclerosis. The sum of these processes highlights the role of homocysteine in the development and exacerbation of several diseases.

show abstract

“…They determined that among these patients, the carriers of TT677 methylentetrahydrofolate reductase genotype had higher values on the plasma hcy and IMT than their control group (Gorgone et al 2009). Furthermore, plasma hyc levels and ApoE4 alleles were shown to be higher and more prevalent in AD patients (Weiner et al 2009) as well as levodopa-treated patients with Parkinson's disease (Zoccolella et al 2009). …”

Section: The Role Of Nitric Oxide In the Pathogenesis Of Alzheimer DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide as an Initiator of Brain Lesions During the Development of Alzheimer Disease

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important regulatory molecule for the host defense that plays a fundamental role in the cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. NO is synthesized through the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), which is found in three isoforms classified as neuronal (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial (eNOS). Recent evidence supports the theory that this bioactive molecule has an influential role in the disruption of normal brain and vascular homeostasis, a condition known to elucidate chronic hypoperfusion which ultimately causes the development of brain lesions and the pathology that typify Alzheimer disease (AD). In addition, vascular NO activity appears to be a major contributor to this pathology before any overexpression of NOS isoforms is observed in the neuron, glia, and microglia of the brain tree, where the overexpression the NOS isoforms causes the formation of a large amount of NO. We hypothesize that since an imbalance between the NOS isoforms and endothelin-1 (ET-1), a human gene that encodes for blood vessel constriction, can cause antioxidant system insufficiency; by using pharmacological intervention with NO donors and/or NO suppressors, the brain lesions and the downstream progression of brain pathology and dementia in AD should be delayed or minimized.

show abstract

Brain MRI, Apoliprotein E Genotype, and Plasma Homocysteine in American Indian Alzheimer Disease Patients and Indian Controls

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

The Relationship of Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Alzheimer Disease in Choctaw Indians

The Relationship of Cardiovascular Risk Factors to Alzheimer Disease in Choctaw Indians

Role of Homocysteine in Diseases: A Review

Nitric Oxide as an Initiator of Brain Lesions During the Development of Alzheimer Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About