Brain morphology in adolescents at genetic risk for schizophrenia assessed by qualitative and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging11This letter was received on 15 June 1998 and accepted for publication on 29 January 1999.

Schreiber, Herbert; Baur-Seack, Kirsten; Wallner, Bernd; Friedrich, J. M.; Winter, Inge-Marie De; Kornhuber, H. H.; Born, Jan

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00026-2

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, our findings are consistent with previous MRI studies from five independent samples (Pittsburgh, Edinburgh, Ulm, Bethesda and Orangeburg/New York) of genetic highrisk individuals still within the age range for developing schizophrenia (DeLisi et al 2006;Gogtay et al 2003;Job et al 2003;Job et al 2005b;Job et al 2006;Keshavan et al 1997;Keshavan et al 2002b ;Lawrie et al 1999;Lawrie et al 2001;Lawrie et al 2002;Rajarethinam et al 2004;Schreiber et al 1999). Even though these young relatives do not have psychotic disorders, they have volume deficits in similar brain regions as schizophrenia patients -albeit less severe.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Older Relatives (Keshavan et al 1997) (Suddath et al 1990) (Lawrie et al 1999) (Noga et al 1996) (Schreiber et al 1999) (Seidman et al 1997) (Lawrie et al 2001) (Cannon et al 1998) (Keshavan et al 2002a ) (Staal et al 1998) ) (Seidman et al 1999) (Gogtay et al 2003) (Sharma et al 1999) (Job et al 2003) (Dickerson et al 1999) (Rajarethinam et al 2004) (Chua et al 2000) (Job et al 2005a ) (Staal et al 2000) (Goghari et al 2007) …”

Section: Young Relativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

MRI brain volume abnormalities in young, nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia probands are associated with subsequent prodromal symptoms

2007

Schizophrenia Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia is characterized by subtle but well-replicated total and regional (frontal and temporal) brain tissue volume deficits. Studies of individuals at-risk for developing schizophrenia suggest that the onset of brain volume decrement may closely pre-date overt manifestations of schizophrenia, making brain volume abnormalities potential predictors for early identification. In an ongoing longitudinal morphometric MRI study of young, nonpsychotic first-or second-degree relatives of schizophrenia probands, we compared brain volumes in 46 relatives who are still within age range for developing schizophrenia against comparison groups of 46 schizophrenia patients and 46 healthy volunteers without family history of schizophrenia. Relatives had similar brain volume abnormalities as schizophrenia patients albeit less severe. Relatives had significantly larger whole brain, frontal, temporal and parietal gray matter (GM) volumes than patients. Relatives also had significantly smaller frontal GM volumes than healthy volunteers. Both relatives and patients had significantly larger whole brain WM (specifically parietal WM) volumes compared to healthy volunteers. Abnormally greater WM volumes in relatives and patients are suggestive of genetically-mediated dysmaturation of the age-expected myelination during adolescence through mid adulthood. On prodromal symptoms assessed in relatives one year after MRI brain scans, initial GM deficits as well as larger WM volumes correlated significantly with greater severity of subsequent prodromal symptoms. Together with previous genetic high-risk studies of adolescent or young adult relatives, these findings indicate that premorbid MRI brain abnormalities may be of predictive value for the early identification of schizophrenia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Young Relativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI brain volume abnormalities in young, nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia probands are associated with subsequent prodromal symptoms

2007

Schizophrenia Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such studies have identified both impairments in theory of mind (Marjoram et al 2006; Yu Sun et al 2008) and emotion recognition among individuals who are at risk (Addington et al 2008a), though there is limited information regarding the potential neural underpinnings of these behavioral deficits. Structural MRI investigations support reductions in the AMY and AMY-hippocampal complex volumes in at-risk adolescents (Keshavan et al 1997, 2002; Lawrie et al 2003; Schreiber et al 1999; Chan et al 2009), and one study has reported abnormal activation of several brain regions related to social cognition including the FG (Seiferth et al 2008). This initial evidence demonstrates that neural abnormalities precede formal illness onset and suggest that the emergence of social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia may follow a distinct developmental trajectory.…”

Section: Social Dysfunction and Social Cognition—the Foundation For Rmentioning

confidence: 98%

The benefit of directly comparing autism and schizophrenia for revealing mechanisms of social cognitive impairment

Sasson

Pinkham

Carpenter

et al. 2010

J Neurodevelop Disord

125

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autism and schizophrenia share a history of diagnostic conflation that was not definitively resolved until the publication of the DSM-III in 1980. Though now recognized as heterogeneous disorders with distinct developmental trajectories and dissociative features, much of the early nosological confusion stemmed from apparent overlap in certain areas of social dysfunction. In more recent years, separate but substantial literatures have accumulated for autism and schizophrenia demonstrating that abnormalities in social cognition directly contribute to the characteristic social deficits of both disorders. The current paper argues that direct comparison of social cognitive impairment can highlight shared and divergent mechanisms underlying pathways to social dysfunction, a process that can provide significant clinical benefit by informing the development of tailored treatment efforts. Thus, while the history of diagnostic conflation between autism and schizophrenia may have originated in similarities in social dysfunction, the goal of direct comparisons is not to conflate them once again but rather to reveal distinctions that illuminate disorder-specific mechanisms and pathways that contribute to social cognitive impairment.

show abstract

“…review by Thermenos et al, 2013) with few negative findings (Karnik-Henry et al, 2012). Early studies demonstrated a smaller "amygdala-hippocampal complex" in youth at familial high-risk (FHR), in which the amygdala and hippocampus were not separated due to existing limitations of anatomical resolution and segmentation procedures (Keshavan et al, 1997(Keshavan et al, , 2002Schreiber et al, 1999;Lawrie et al, 2001). More recent studies have demonstrated smaller hippocampal volumes (Ho and Magnotta, 2010;Sismanlar et al, 2010;Francis et al, 2013) alterations in hippocampal white matter (Hao et al, 2009), right-left asymmetry (Qiu et al, 2009), and shape (Ho and Magnotta, 2010) in nonpsychotic relatives under the age of 30.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medial temporal lobe default mode functioning and hippocampal structure as vulnerability indicators for schizophrenia: A MRI study of non-psychotic adolescent first-degree relatives

Seidman

Rosso

Thermenos

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brain morphology in adolescents at genetic risk for schizophrenia assessed by qualitative and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging11This letter was received on 15 June 1998 and accepted for publication on 29 January 1999.

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

MRI brain volume abnormalities in young, nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia probands are associated with subsequent prodromal symptoms

MRI brain volume abnormalities in young, nonpsychotic relatives of schizophrenia probands are associated with subsequent prodromal symptoms

The benefit of directly comparing autism and schizophrenia for revealing mechanisms of social cognitive impairment

Medial temporal lobe default mode functioning and hippocampal structure as vulnerability indicators for schizophrenia: A MRI study of non-psychotic adolescent first-degree relatives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About