Brain micro-ecologies: neural stem cell niches in the adult mammalian brain

Riquelme, Patricio A.; Drapeau, Elodie; Doetsch, Fiona

doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.2016

Cited by 240 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…Cells from the SEZ have been shown to generate neurons and glia in vitro (Gritti et al, 1996;Johe et al, 1996) as well as in vivo (Lois et al, 1996;Hack et al, 2005). Previously, it has been proposed (Doetsch, 2003;Riquelme et al, 2008) that these neurogenic areas have the characteristics of stem cell niches based on observations regarding their cytoarchitecture (Doetsch et al, 1997) and their extracellular matrix (ECM) composition (Mercier et al, 2003;Kerever et al, 2007). Stem cell niches provide a sheltering environment from differentiation and apoptotic stimuli and ensure the production of new differentiated cells over the life span of the organism (Moore and Lemischka, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adult Mouse Subependymal Zone Regenerates Efficiently in the Absence of Tenascin-C

Kazanis¹,

Belhadi²,

Faissner³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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The subependymal zone (SEZ) of the lateral ventricles of the adult mouse brain hosts neurogenesis from a neural stem cell population with the morphology of astrocytes (termed type-B cells). Tenascin-C is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein present in the SEZ that has been shown to regulate the development of embryonic neural stem cells and the proliferation and migration of early postnatal neural precursors. Here we show that tenascin-C is produced by type-B cells and forms a layer between SEZ and the adjacent striatum. Tenascin-C deficiency resulted in minor structural differences in and around the SEZ. However, the numbers of neural stem cells and their progeny remained unaffected, as did their regeneration after depletion of mitotic cells using the antimitotic drug cytosine-␤-Darabinofuranoside. Our results reveal a remarkable ability of the adult neural stem cell niche to retain proper function even after the removal of major extracellular matrix molecules.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adult Mouse Subependymal Zone Regenerates Efficiently in the Absence of Tenascin-C

Kazanis¹,

Belhadi²,

Faissner³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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“…Such activity has been identified in the subependymal zone (SEZ) of the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles and in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, within the hippocampal formation [1]. These neurogenic niches are facilitators of stem cell activity, offering protection to stem and daughter precursor cells and allowing their regulated proliferation, migration, and differentiation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Number of Stem Cells in the Subependymal Zone of the Adult Rodent Brain is Correlated with the Number of Ependymal Cells and Not with the Volume of the Niche

Kazanis

ffrench‐Constant

2012

Stem Cells and Development

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2The mammalian subependymal zone (SEZ; often called subventricular) situated at the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles of the brain contains a pool of relatively quiescent adult neural stem cells whose neurogenic activity persists throughout life. These stem cells are positioned in close proximity both to the ependymal cells that provide the cerebrospinal fluid interface and to the blood vessel endothelial cells, but the relative contribution of these 2 cell types to stem cell regulation remains undetermined. Here, we address this question by analyzing a naturally occurring example of volumetric scaling of the SEZ in a comparison of the mouse SEZ with the larger rat SEZ. Our analysis reveals that the number of stem cells in the SEZ niche is correlated with the number of ependymal cells rather than with the volume, thereby indicating the importance of ependymal-derived factors in the formation and function of the SEZ. The elucidation of the factors generated by ependymal cells that regulate stem cell numbers within the SEZ is, therefore, of importance for stem cell biology and regenerative neuroscience.

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“…Normal stem cells rely on factors like leukemia inhibitory factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, so CSC niche maintenance may also depend on these factors. Therefore, there may be a positive feedback between CSCs and angiogenesis (Riquelme et al, 2008).…”

Section: Cscs and Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Stem Cells and Response to Therapy

Tabarestani¹,

Ghafouri‐Fard²

2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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The cancer stem cell (CSC) model states that cancers are organized in cellular hierarchies, which explains the functional heterogeneity often seen in tumors. Like normal tissue stem cells, CSCs are capable of self-renewal, either by symmetric or asymmetric cell division, and have the exclusive ability to reproduce malignant tumors indefinitely. Current systemic cancer therapies frequently fail to eliminate advanced tumors, which may be due to their inability to effectively target CSC populations. It has been shown that embryonic pathways such as Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch control self-renewal and cell fate decisions of stem cells and progenitor cells. These are evolutionary conserved pathways, involved in CSC maintenance. Targeting these pathways may be effective in eradicating CSCs and preventing chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance.

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Brain micro-ecologies: neural stem cell niches in the adult mammalian brain

Cited by 240 publications

References 200 publications

The Adult Mouse Subependymal Zone Regenerates Efficiently in the Absence of Tenascin-C

The Adult Mouse Subependymal Zone Regenerates Efficiently in the Absence of Tenascin-C

The Number of Stem Cells in the Subependymal Zone of the Adult Rodent Brain is Correlated with the Number of Ependymal Cells and Not with the Volume of the Niche

Cancer Stem Cells and Response to Therapy

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