Brain-machine interface cursor position only weakly affects monkey and human motor cortical activity in the absence of arm movements

Stavisky, Sergey D.; Kao, Jennifer L.; Nuyujukian, Paul; Pandarinath, Chethan; Blabe, Christine H; Ryu, Stephen I.; Hochberg, Leigh R.; Henderson, Jaimie M.; Shenoy, Krishna V.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34711-1

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One potential explanation is that the magnitude of the displacement across location conditions was limited in our paradigm to accommodate all axis orientations and still guarantee that cursor movement remained within the confines of the display. Nevertheless, the lesser impact of movement location we observed is consistent with previous reports that cursor position in a BCI setting had only minor correlates in motor cortical activity and did not interfere with performance during neuroprosthetic control 36 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sensory constraints on volitional modulation of the motor cortex

Fisac

Chase

2023

Preprint

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Voluntary movement is driven by the primary motor cortex (M1), and individuals can learn to modulate even single neurons at will. Yet M1 also receives pronounced sensory inputs and contributes to sensory-driven motor responses. To what extent do these non-volitional signals restrict voluntary modulation of M1? Using a task in which the firing rate of a single neuron directly determines the position of a computer cursor along a visual axis, we assessed the ability of monkeys to modulate individual neurons under different sensory contexts. We found that sensory context persistently affected volitional control of single neurons in M1. For instance, visually rotating the biofeedback axis could render the same neural task effortless or problematic. Notably, extended training within or across days did not resolve this disparity. Our findings suggest that sensory context can limit the degree to which M1 activity is under volitional control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sensory constraints on volitional modulation of the motor cortex

Fisac

Chase

2023

Preprint

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“…5). This is consistent with previous work showing that cursor kinematics such as cursor position only weakly affect activity controlling a BMI in the absence of arm movements 36 .…”

Section: The Different Activity Patterns Used To Issue the Same Output Are Predicted By A Model Of Invariant Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 93%

Invariant neural dynamics drive commands to control different movements

Athalye

Khanna

Gowda

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The nervous system uses a repertoire of outputs to produce diverse movements. Thus, the brain must solve how to issue and transition the same outputs in different movements. A recent proposal states that network connectivity constrains the transitions of neural activity to follow invariant rules across different movements, which we term invariant dynamics. However, it is unknown whether invariant dynamics are actually used to drive and generalize outputs across movements, and what advantage they provide for controlling movement. Using a brain-machine interface that transformed motor cortex activity into outputs for a neuroprosthetic cursor, we discovered that the same output is issued by different activity patterns in different movements. These distinct patterns then transition according to a model of invariant dynamics, leading to patterns that drive distinct future outputs. Optimal control theory revealed this use of invariant dynamics reduces the feedback input needed to control movement. Our results demonstrate that the brain uses invariant dynamics to generalize outputs across movements.

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“…We did not analyze the rare trials where the participant missed a word, misspoke, or if the trial was interrupted by a loud noise from the environment. On the first session, the number of trials for each speaking condition were: silence (34), 'seal' (33), 'shot' (34), 'more' (33), 'bat' (34), 'beet' (34). On the second session, the trial counts were: silence (34), 'seal' (34), 'shot' (34), 'more' (34), 'bat' (33) 'beet' (34).…”

Section: Stand-alone Speaking Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech-related dorsal motor cortex activity does not interfere with iBCI cursor control

et al. 2020

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Objective. Speech-related neural modulation was recently reported in ‘arm/hand’ area of human dorsal motor cortex that is used as a signal source for intracortical brain–computer interfaces (iBCIs). This raises the concern that speech-related modulation might deleteriously affect the decoding of arm movement intentions, for instance by affecting velocity command outputs. This study sought to clarify whether or not speaking would interfere with ongoing iBCI use. Approach. A participant in the BrainGate2 iBCI clinical trial used an iBCI to control a computer cursor; spoke short words in a stand-alone speech task; and spoke short words during ongoing iBCI use. We examined neural activity in all three behaviors and compared iBCI performance with and without concurrent speech. Main results. Dorsal motor cortex firing rates modulated strongly during stand-alone speech, but this activity was largely attenuated when speaking occurred during iBCI cursor control using attempted arm movements. ‘Decoder-potent’ projections of the attenuated speech-related neural activity were small, explaining why cursor task performance was similar between iBCI use with and without concurrent speaking. Significance. These findings indicate that speaking does not directly interfere with iBCIs that decode attempted arm movements. This suggests that patients who are able to speak will be able to use motor cortical-driven computer interfaces or prostheses without needing to forgo speaking while using these devices.

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Brain-machine interface cursor position only weakly affects monkey and human motor cortical activity in the absence of arm movements

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Sensory constraints on volitional modulation of the motor cortex

Sensory constraints on volitional modulation of the motor cortex

Invariant neural dynamics drive commands to control different movements

Speech-related dorsal motor cortex activity does not interfere with iBCI cursor control

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