“…This latter parameter is extremely important, because, most stroke patients arrive with an occluded blood vessel to the hospital, the testing of protective drugs is essential in post-treatment models, both in permanent and transient stroke experiments. The therapeutic window of intervention is substantial (up to 4-6 hours after the onset of ischemia in the middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion models), as demonstrated by a variety of PARP inhibitors including nicotinamide, PJ-34, INO-1001, FR247304, DR2313, NU1025, MP-124, ONO-1294H, KCL-440 and various thienyl-isoquinolone derivatives (DAMYIQ and HYDAMTIQ) (Ducroq et al, 2000; Ayoub and Maynard, 2002; Abdelkarim et al, 2001; Ferraris et al, 2003; Komjati et al, 2004; Iwashita et al, 2004a; Iwashita et al, 2004b; Kamanaka et al, 2004; Ikeda et al, 2005; Nakajima et al, 2005; Haddad et al, 2006; Kaundal et al, 2006; Hamby et al, 2007; Haddad et al, 2008; Kauppinen et al, 2009; Faraco et al, 2010; Egi, 2011; Ikeda et al, 2011; Moroni et al, 2012; Haddad et al, 2012). The beneficial effect of PARP inhibition can be long lasting, i.e.…”