Brain iron assessment in patients with First-episode schizophrenia using quantitative susceptibility mapping

Xu, Mingzhi; Guo, Yihao; Cheng, Junying; Xue, Kangkang; Yang, Meng; Song, Xueqin; Feng, Yanqiu; Cheng, Jingliang

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102736

Cited by 31 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…This novel technique provides enhanced contrast for substantia nigra and VTA by quantifying iron content based on reconstructing magnetic susceptibility sources ( 164 ). A recent study manually segmented the substantia nigra based on quantitative susceptibility maps and reported a volume increase in first-episode schizophrenia patients ( 150 ).…”

Section: Discussion: Current Research Gaps and Potential Developments...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other psychiatric disorders, VTA/SNc resting-state BOLD FC results are mixed. For instance, regarding substance-related and addictive disorders, reduced connectivity between substantia nigra and caudate nucleus as well as between VTA and medial orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and nucleus accumbens has been observed in opioid use disorder ( 150 ), while reduced connectivity of VTA with olfactory tubercle, medial orbitofrontal cortex, and nucleus accumbens was found in patients with internet gaming disorder ( 42 , 151 ). In both major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, concerning VTA FC, studies observed reduced connectivity with frontal regions ( 149 , 152 ), cerebellum and mediodorsal thalamus ( 152 ) in patients, increased connectivity with pre- and postcentral gyrus, frontal and temporal gyrus, occipital lobe, pons ( 152 ), limbic regions ( 149 , 152 ), cerebellum, and posterior cingulate cortex ( 149 ), or no changes between groups of patients and controls ( 153 ).…”

Section: Distinct Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Approaches For Stu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic resonance imaging of the dopamine system in schizophrenia – A scoping review

et al. 2022

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For decades, aberrant dopamine transmission has been proposed to play a central role in schizophrenia pathophysiology. These theories are supported by human in vivo molecular imaging studies of dopamine transmission, particularly positron emission tomography. However, there are several downsides to such approaches, for example limited spatial resolution or restriction of the measurement to synaptic processes of dopaminergic neurons. To overcome these limitations and to measure complementary aspects of dopamine transmission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based approaches investigating the macrostructure, metabolism, and connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei, i.e., substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area, can be employed. In this scoping review, we focus on four dopamine MRI methods that have been employed in patients with schizophrenia so far: neuromelanin MRI, which is thought to measure long-term dopamine function in dopaminergic nuclei; morphometric MRI, which is assumed to measure the volume of dopaminergic nuclei; diffusion MRI, which is assumed to measure fiber-based structural connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei; and resting-state blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional MRI, which is thought to measure functional connectivity of dopaminergic nuclei based on correlated blood oxygenation fluctuations. For each method, we describe the underlying signal, outcome measures, and downsides. We present the current state of research in schizophrenia and compare it to other disorders with either similar (psychotic) symptoms, i.e., bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, or dopaminergic abnormalities, i.e., substance use disorder and Parkinson’s disease. Finally, we discuss overarching issues and outline future research questions.

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Section: Discussion: Current Research Gaps and Potential Developments...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distinct Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Approaches For Stu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging of the dopamine system in schizophrenia – A scoping review

et al. 2022

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“…146 Hence, iron metabolism is crucial to maintaining integrity in the neurochemical circuits (monoaminergic, GABA, and glutamatergic system). 147 Excess deposition of iron can enhance the formation of free radicals, and it can also lead to OS. On the other hand, depletion in iron supply can result in the depletion of neurodevelopment and long-term neurotransmission changes,.…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia, Bipolar and Major Depressive Disorders: Overview of Clinical Features, Neurotransmitter Alterations, Pharmacological Interventions, and Impact of Oxidative Stress in the Disease Process

Mandal

Gaur

Roy

et al. 2022

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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Psychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and affect the quality of life of both individuals and the society. The current understanding of these disorders points toward receptor dysfunction and neurotransmitter imbalances in the brain. Treatment protocols are hence oriented toward normalizing these imbalances and ameliorating the symptoms. However, recent literature has indicated the possible role of depleted levels of antioxidants like glutathione (GSH) as well as an alteration in the levels of the pro-oxidant, iron in the pathogenesis of major psychiatric diseases, viz., schizophrenia (Sz), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). This review aims to highlight the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) in these psychiatric disorders. An overview of the clinical features, neurotransmitter abnormalities, and pharmacological treatments concerning these psychiatric disorders has also been presented. Furthermore, it attempts to synthesize literature from existing magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) studies for these disorders, assessing GSH and iron, respectively. This manuscript is a sincere attempt to stimulate research discussion to advance the knowledge base for further understanding of the pathoetiology of Sz, BD, and MDD.

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“…QSM yielded the same rank ordering of iron concentration by brain structure, with the lowest in white matter and the highest in the globus pallidus, as well as yielding the expected age-related changes. QSM also proved more sensitive than R2* in assessing changes in brain iron concentration levels in gray matter nuclei for patients with schizophrenia [ 36 ], multiple sclerosis [ 37 , 38 ], and Parkinson’s disease [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal Ganglia Iron Content Increases with Glioma Severity Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: A Potential Biomarker of Tumor Severity

et al. 2022

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Background and Purpose: Gliomas have been found to alter iron metabolism and transport in ways that result in an expansion of their intracellular iron compartments to support aggressive tumor growth. This study used deep neural network trained quantitative susceptibility mapping to assess basal ganglia iron concentrations in glioma patients. Materials and Methods: Ninety-two patients with brain lesions were initially enrolled in this study and fifty-nine met the inclusion criteria. Susceptibility-weighted images were collected at 3.0 T and used to construct quantitative susceptibility maps via a deep neural network-based method. The regions of interest were manually drawn within basal ganglia structures and the mean voxel intensities were extracted and averaged across multiple slices. One-way ANCOVA tests were conducted to compare the susceptibility values of groups of patients based on tumor grade while controlling for age, sex, and tumor type. Results: The mean basal ganglia susceptibility for patients with grade IV tumors was higher than that for patients with grade II tumors (p = 0.00153) and was also higher for patients with grade III tumors compared to patients with grade II tumors (p = 0.020), after controlling for age, sex, and tumor type. Patient age influenced susceptibility values (p = 0.00356), while sex (p = 0.69) and tumor type (p = 0.11) did not. Conclusions: The basal ganglia iron content increased with glioma severity. Basal ganglia iron levels may thus be a useful biomarker in glioma prognosis and treatment, especially with regard to iron-based cancer therapies.

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Brain iron assessment in patients with First-episode schizophrenia using quantitative susceptibility mapping

Cited by 31 publications

References 101 publications

Magnetic resonance imaging of the dopamine system in schizophrenia – A scoping review

Magnetic resonance imaging of the dopamine system in schizophrenia – A scoping review

Schizophrenia, Bipolar and Major Depressive Disorders: Overview of Clinical Features, Neurotransmitter Alterations, Pharmacological Interventions, and Impact of Oxidative Stress in the Disease Process

Basal Ganglia Iron Content Increases with Glioma Severity Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping: A Potential Biomarker of Tumor Severity

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