Brain Hydatid Cyst

Abstract

Brain echinococcosis is the most common brain parasitic infection in the world. It happens in a very rare location, representing 1% to 2% all cases with hydatid disease. It is more common by approximately 50-70% in pediatric population and young adultswith a male predominance. The definite hosts of echinococcus are various carnivores; man is an accidental host. The growth of hydatid cysts is usually slow and asymptomatic, and clinical manifestations are caused by compression of the involved organ. CT provides definitive results of diagnosis. It shows hydatid cyst as a spherical, well defined, thin walled, homogeneous and non-enhancing cystic lesion without peripheral oedema. Dowling technic is the most commonly done procedure designed to give birth to the intact cyst by irrigating saline between cyst wall-brain interfaces. Medical treatment can be indicated in multiple locations and in cases with peroperative rupture. Prognosis is often good, but same complications can occur after surgery and depend on the location, the size, the number of cysts and the technique used.

A Case Report of Primary Brain Hydatid Cyst in a Child

“…In our study, the patient was a female child, but in the literature, male predominance was found (i.e. 50%-70%) [5]. The most common site in the brain is the parietal lobe [5].…”

“…Primary cysts are most of the times solitary and fertile, but secondary cysts are generally multiple and infertile [4,5]. The proposed mechanisms for the development of primary brain hydatid cyst are defective immune system within the brain parenchyma, the presence of cardiac anomalies like patent ductus arteriosus, and patent foramen ovale.…”

“…The higher affinity of the certain genotype of E. granulosus for the brain and variations in class II HLA in normal population leads to a different rate of susceptibility to hydatidosis [1,5]. The dura is intact.…”

“…50%-70%) [5]. The most common site in the brain is the parietal lobe [5]. Other uncommon brain regions are the calvarium, eyeball, cavernous sinus, cerebellum, pons, ventricles, and extradural region [6].…”

Brain Cystic Metastases in a Patient with Advanced Atypical Lung Carcinoid

“…Therefore, the collaboration with the infectious medicine specialist and neurosurgeons was key in excluding a possible infective cause. One of the most common causes of cystic lesions is zoonosis due to Echinococcus multilocularis which is found in the brain in 30% of cases [13]. Due to a slow growth of the hydatid cysts, the symptoms appear when they reach remarkable dimensions.…”