Brain damage caused by hydrogen sulfide: A follow‐up study of six patients

Tvedt, Bjørn; Skyberg, Knut; Aaserud, O.; Hobbesland, Ånund; Mathiesen, Tove

doi:10.1002/ajim.4700200109

Cited by 90 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These clinical findings are compatible with neuroimaging findings in both frontal motor cortices and basal ganglia. These finding were somewhat different from those of other cases with prominent basal ganglial motor dysfunction 19,20) . Dopamine levels may decline with aging although not typically to levels that compromise functioning.…”

Section: Fig 2 Follow-up Mr Images Obtained One Month After H2s Poicontrasting

confidence: 54%

Neurologic Sequela of Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning

Nam¹,

Kim²,

Choi³

et al. 2004

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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A 25-year-old man, a field operator in a petroleum refinery was found unconscious. He was exposed to hydrogen sulfide and presented with Glasgow Coma Score of 5, severe hypoxemia on arterial blood gas analysis, normal chest radiography, and normal blood pressure. On hospital day 7, his mental state became clear, and neurologic examination showed quadriparesis, profound spasticity, increased tendon reflexes, abnormal Babinski response, and bradykinesia. He was also found to have decreased memory, attention deficits and blunted affect, which suggested general cognitive dysfunction, but which improved soon. MRI scan showed abnormal signals in both basal ganglia and motor cortex, compatible with clinical findings of motor dysfunction.

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Section: Fig 2 Follow-up Mr Images Obtained One Month After H2s Poicontrasting

confidence: 54%

Neurologic Sequela of Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning

Nam¹,

Kim²,

Choi³

et al. 2004

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH

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“…At high concentrations, deficits have been measured in memory, balance, and vibration sense and other neurobehavioral tests; at some points permanent neurologic damage has been evident. Fatigue, poor memory, dizziness, and irritability have been observed in workers chronically exposed to H 2 S (Beauchamp et al, 1984;Milby, 2000;Tvedt et al, 1991;Kilburn, 1999;Schneider et al, 1998). Although controversial, there is increasing evidence that nonoccupational exposure to low-level H 2 S may be associated with nervous system toxicity (ATSDR, 1999;Partti-Pellinen et al, 1996;Bates et al, 1998;Kilburn, 1997).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral evaluation for a community with chronic exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas

Inserra

Phifer

Anger

et al. 2004

Environmental Research

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In May 2000, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry of the US government conducted a health investigation in response to community concerns regarding ambient and indoor hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), odor, and health symptoms in Dakota City, Nebraska. The objective was to determine whether adult residents in an area with repeated exposure to H 2 S showed poorer performance on neurobehavioral tests than unexposed residents. Study participants were required to meet age (X16 years of age) and length of residency (2 years) eligibility requirements. A battery of computer-assisted standardized neurobehavioral tests was administered in English or Spanish. A questionnaire was used to collect information about participants, demographic and health status. Three hundred forty-five people agreed to participate. After the exclusion of 10 persons, analyses were conducted on 335 participants; 171 residents in the target area and 164 residents in the comparison area. The two groups were comparable in demographic characteristics and various health conditions. Overall, neurobehavioral test results for the target and comparison groups were similar. Residence in the H 2 S-exposed area was associated with marginally poorer performance on a test of memory, namely, match to sample score, and a test of grip strength. However, these differences were not significant. Deficits in overall neurobehavioral performance were not associated with exposure to H 2 S in this study. r

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“…Bacterial plugging (12, 38) and precipitation of sulfides in an oil reservoir may also reduce the permeability of oil formation (1, 11,32). Exposure of oiI field workers to H2S represents a health hazard (21,49).In this paper we describe a new thermophilic, spore-forming sulfate reducer. The strain which we describe (strain ST90T [T = type strain]) was isolated from a Statfjord oil field reservoir water sample.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Desulfotomaculum thermocisternum sp. nov., a Sulfate Reducer Isolated from a Hot North Sea Oil Reservoir

Nilsen

Torsvik

Lien

1996

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

137

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The organism described in this paper, strain ST90T (T = type strain), is a thermophilic, spore-forming, rod-shaped sulfate reducer that was isolated from North Sea oil reservoir formation water. In cultivation the following substances were used as electron donors and carbon sources: H,-CO,, lactate, pyruvate, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and C, to C,, and C,, to C,, carboxylic acids. Sulfate was used as the electron acceptor in these reactions. Lactate was incompletely oxidized. Sulfite and thiosulfate were also used as electron acceptors. In the absence of an electron acceptor, the organism grew syntrophically on propionate together with a hydrogenothrophic methanogen. The optimum conditions for growth on Iactate and sulfate were 62"C, pH 6.7, and 50 to 200 mM NaCl. The G+C content was 56 mol%, as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and 57 mol% as determined by thermal denaturation. Spore formation was observed when the organism was grown on butyrate or propanol as a substrate and at low pH values. On the basis of differences in G+C content and phenotypic and immunological characteristics when the organism was compared with other thermophilic Desulfotomaculum species, we propose that strain ST90T is a member of a new species, Desulfotomaculum thermocisternum. D. thermocisternum can be quickly identified and distinguished from closely related Desulfotomaculum species by immunoblotting.The genus Desulfotomaculum comprises a heterogeneous group of gram-positive, spore-forming sulfate reducers that includes both mesophilic and thermophilic species. The following seven thermophilic species have been validly described previously: Desulfotomaculum nigYiJicans, which was isolated from canned food (52) and produced oil field water (1, 30); Desulfotomaculum geothermicum, Desulfotomaculum australicum, and Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii, which were isolated from geothermal groundwater (13, 26, 29) (D. kuznetsovii has also been isolated from cold marine sediment [ 181); Desulfotomaculum thermoacetoxidans and Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum, which were isolated from thermophilic fermentation reactors (28, 48); and Desulfotomaculum thermosapovorans, which was isolated from compost (16). Workers have also described several thermophilic Desulfotomaculum strains whose phylogenetic positions within the genus have not been determined (20,39,47).North Sea oil field reservoirs are hot marine habitats that are 1.2 to 6 km below the seafloor; the pressures in these habitats range from 50 to 80 MPa, and the temperatures range from 60 to 200°C. The concentration of sulfate is usually between 0 and 0.6 mM and varies from one reservoir to another. Aliphatic carboxylic acids are the most abundant organic acids in petroleum reservoirs. In North Sea formation water, acetic acid is found at concentrations up to 20 mM, with decreasing concentrations of higher homologs up to octanoic acid (2, 5). These acids are potential electron donors for sulfate reduction. Formic acid is usually not detected (24). During offshore oil producti...

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Brain damage caused by hydrogen sulfide: A follow‐up study of six patients

Cited by 90 publications

References 18 publications

Neurologic Sequela of Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning

Neurologic Sequela of Hydrogen Sulfide Poisoning

Neurobehavioral evaluation for a community with chronic exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas

Desulfotomaculum thermocisternum sp. nov., a Sulfate Reducer Isolated from a Hot North Sea Oil Reservoir

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