“…Among adolescents who do not receive adequate parental supervision, internet addiction may lead to problems such as anxiety, depression, irritability, poor behavioral control, decreased attention, poor executive function, personality changes, and negative self-perception ( Huang et al., 2020 ; Ma, Huang, & Ma, 2020a , b ; Wei et al., 2021 ). Internet addiction can also disrupt adolescents' sleep patterns by damaging their brain structure and function ( Gentile et al., 2017 ; Ma, Huang, & Ma, 2020a , b ; Wei et al., 2021 ). This can result in academic disabilities, interpersonal disengagement, and further deterioration of interpersonal relationships/impairment of many social functions ( Caballo, 1995 ; Gür et al., 2015 ; Kuss, & Lopez-Fernandez, 2016 ).…”