Brain Abscess due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis in the Absence of Endocarditis or Bacteremia

Matas, Andreia; Veiga, Andreia; Gabriel, João Paulo

doi:10.1159/000371441

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Biofilm formation in S. lugdunensis is an important means to adhere to native tissues and prosthetic materials [ 60 ]. On the basis of published studies from 2000 to 2020, the underlying conditions and clinical manifestations in patients with S. lugdunensis meningitis include native valve endocarditis, polymyositis, dyslipidaemia, asthma surgery for Rathke cleft cyst, intense headache, vomiting, lethargy, psychomotor inhibition and left homonymous haemianopsia [ 20 , 23 , 24 ]. Most patients with S. lugdunensis meningitis have been treated with intravenous vancomycin, flucloxacillin, ceftriaxone, oxacillin, rifampin and surgery.…”

Section: Cons In Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most patients with S. lugdunensis meningitis have been treated with intravenous vancomycin, flucloxacillin, ceftriaxone, oxacillin, rifampin and surgery. Patients with brain abscess have received treatments with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, flucloxacillin supplemented with gentamicin, rifampin and surgical abscess excision [ 24 , 25 ]. Moreover, combination therapy has been applied to the case of patients with congenital obstructive hydrocephalus, oxacillin, rifampin and vancomycin/cefotaxime [ 22 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Cons In Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) meningitis: a narrative review of the literature from 2000 to 2020

Azimi

Mirzadeh

Sabour

et al. 2020

New Microbes and New Infections

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are recognized as comprising the main part of human normal microbiota and are rarely associated with severe and intensive infections. However, these organisms can cause a number of infections in humans, especially immunocompromised patients and neonates. Bacterial meningitis, as an important and acute infection in the central nervous system, is still a major global health challenge and a serious infectious disease, causing a high rate of mortality and morbidity. CoNS as causative agents of meningitis are generally related to trauma or direct implantation of foreign bodies and the presence of a cerebrospinal fluid shunt. Numerous epidemiologic and clinical studies have shown that different CoNS isolates such as Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus schleiferi, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus warneri and Staphylococcus haemolyticus are more frequently associated with meningitis. This study attempts to determine the role of CoNS in meningitis and reviews the reported cases of meningitis induced by CoNS from the year 2000 to 2020 in the literature.

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Section: Cons In Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cons In Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) meningitis: a narrative review of the literature from 2000 to 2020

Azimi

Mirzadeh

Sabour

et al. 2020

New Microbes and New Infections

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“…S. lugdunensis causes a spectrum of disease including skin and soft tissue infection, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, arthritis and catheter related infection [6], [7], [8], [9]. It has been reported as a cause of destructive infective endocarditis with large vegetations visualized on echocardiography and the destruction of the native valves as can occur with S. aureus [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus lugdunensis endocarditis with destruction of the ventricular septum and multiple native valves

Ishiekwene¹,

Ghitan²,

Kuhn-Basti³

et al. 2017

IDCases

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Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) is a coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS) that can cause destructive infective endocarditis. S. lugdunensis, unlike other CoNS, should be considered to be a pathogen. We report the first case of S. lugdunensis endocarditis causing ventricular septal defect and destruction of the aortic and mitral valves.A 53-year-old male with morbid obesity and COPD presented with intermittent fever and progressive shortness of breath for 2 weeks.Chest examination showed bilateral basal crepitations, and a grade 2 systolic murmur along the right sternal border. The leukocyte count was 26,000 cells/μl with 89% neutrophils. He was treated with intravenous vancomycin and ceftriaxone. Blood cultures grew Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Transthoracic echocardiogram, which was limited by body habitus, showed no definite valvular vegetations. Repeat transthoracic echocardiogram performed one week later revealed a large aortic valve vegetation Vancomycin was switched to daptomycin on day 4 because of difficulty achieving therapeutic levels of vancomycin and the development of renal insufficiency.Open heart surgery on day 10 revealed aortic valve and mitral valve vegetations with destruction, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) septal abscess and ventricular septal defect (VSD). Bio-prosthetic aortic and mitral valve replacement, LVOT and VSD repair were done. Intraoperative cultures grew Staphylococcus lugdunensis. The patient was discharged home with daptomycin to complete 6 weeks of treatment.S. lugdunensis can cause rapidly progressive endocarditis with valve and septal destruction. Early diagnosis and therapy are essential, with consideration of valve replacement.

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“…Moreover, different serotypes of the same microorganism apparently have a different pathogenic potential, probably owing to peculiar molecular patterns (e.g., surface antigens) [6]. Besides, in order to survive to host's defenses, bacteria can spontaneously change during the infection course, becoming more virulent and resistant to therapy [31][32][33].…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology: A Brief Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Traumatic Meningitis Is a Diagnostic Challenging Time: A Systematic Review Focusing on Clinical and Pathological Features

Russa

Maiese

Fazio

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Post-traumatic meningitis is a dreadful condition that presents additional challenges, in terms of both diagnosis and management, when compared with community-acquired cases. Post-traumatic meningitis refers to a meningeal infection causally related to a cranio-cerebral trauma, regardless of temporal proximity. The PICO (participants, intervention, control, and outcomes) question was as follows: “Is there an association between traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic meningitis?” The present systematic review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) standards. Studies examining post-traumatic meningitis, paying particular attention to victims of traumatic brain injury, were included. Post-traumatic meningitis represents a high mortality disease. Diagnosis may be difficult both because clinical signs are nonspecific and blurred and because of the lack of pathognomonic laboratory markers. Moreover, these markers increase with a rather long latency, thus not allowing a prompt diagnosis, which could improve patients’ outcome. Among all the detectable clinical signs, the appearance of cranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (manifesting as rhinorrhea or otorrhea) should always arouse suspicion of meningitis. On one hand, microbiological exams on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which represent the gold standard for the diagnosis, require days to get reliable results. On the other hand, radiological exams, especially CT of the brain, could represent an alternative for early diagnosis. An update on these issues is certainly of interest to focus on possible predictors of survival and useful tools for prompt diagnosis.

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Brain Abscess due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis in the Absence of Endocarditis or Bacteremia

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) meningitis: a narrative review of the literature from 2000 to 2020

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) meningitis: a narrative review of the literature from 2000 to 2020

Staphylococcus lugdunensis endocarditis with destruction of the ventricular septum and multiple native valves

Post-Traumatic Meningitis Is a Diagnostic Challenging Time: A Systematic Review Focusing on Clinical and Pathological Features

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