Brachypodium as an Arabidopsis for the Grasses: Are We There Yet?

Lyons, Christopher W. P.; Scholthof, Karen‐Beth G.

doi:10.1007/7397_2015_8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The plant is also useful for studying genetic basis for cold tolerance and genome organization, apart from the studying of loral development, vein patterning, the controls of the perennial versus annual habit [13]. There are several works, that describe the development of this plant as a model system [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Emerging Plant Models For Studying Genetics 41 Brachypodium Distachyonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Arabidopsis as a Genetics Model System and Its Limitation, Leading to the Development of Emerging Plant Model Systems

Kar¹,

Raichaudhuri²

2022

Model Organisms in Plant Genetics

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Model plant systems make it easier to perform experiments with them. They help to understand and expand our knowledge about the genetic basis behind different plant process. Also, it is easier to design and perform genetic and genomic experiments using a model plant system. A. thaliana was initially chosen as the model plant system, and remains to this date, one of the most widely studied plant. With the advent of better molecular biology and sequencing tools and to understand the genetic basis for the unique processes in different plant species, there is emergence of several new model systems.

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Section: Emerging Plant Models For Studying Genetics 41 Brachypodium Distachyonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Arabidopsis as a Genetics Model System and Its Limitation, Leading to the Development of Emerging Plant Model Systems

Kar¹,

Raichaudhuri²

2022

Model Organisms in Plant Genetics

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“…Brachypodium distachyon has been established as a genetic model plant for studies of grass species due to the available biological resources available and its evolutionary proximity to the top global agricultural commodities (Draper et al 2001, Bevan et al 2010, Brkljacic et al 2011, Bragg et al 2012, Brutnell et al 2015, Kellogg 2015b, Lyons and Scholthof 2015, Lyons and Scholthof 2016, Vogel 2016, Hsia et al 2017, Sibout et al 2017, Scholthof et al 2018). With the immediate need for eco-friendly food production, studies with B. distachyon aiming at the improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) nicely match this requirement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the nitrate uptake process in grass species

Serezino¹

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Regulation of the nitrate uptake process in grass species Due to the negative environmental and economic consequences of excessive and indiscriminate use of N fertilizer, there is an increasing need for developing more efficient crops for N uptake. As nitrate is the main inorganic N source available in most soils, there has been a notable research effort to understand the nitrate uptake process, a key factor in the improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), and the molecular factors that modulate it. Thus, the knowledge acquired in model plants about the molecular factors and regulatory mechanisms of genes encoding Nitrate Transporters (NRTs) responsible for nitrate uptake could be used to improve NUE in crops. The improvement of NUE is a challenge to allow environmentally friendly agriculture to support the growth of the human population and the consequent food demand, since the intensive use of N fertilizers threat both crop sustainability and food security. The physiological and molecular characterization of the nitrate acquisition process in Brachypodium distachyon, a grass model plant, could help to improve non-model crops with higher biological complexity such as sugarcane. 15 N-ammonium and 15 N-nitrate influx analyses in B. distachyon upon N-replete and N-deficient conditions revealed that ammonium is the preferential inorganic N source. A negative feedback regulation of nitrate uptake process by ammonium in Brachypodium plants under N provision and N resupply was observed. BdNRT2.1 and BdNRT2.2 expression analyses suggest that both proteins are the main B. distachyon NRT2 transporters responsible for nitrate acquisition. Both identified BdNRT3 members were co-expressed with BdNRT2.1 and BdNRT2.2. So, the 15N-nitrate influx analysis and transcript accumulation of members of the two-component complex (NRT2/ NRT3) after ammonium chloride provision and ammonium nitrate resupply treatments suggest the transcriptional regulation of HATS in B. distachyon. Conversely, studies with sorghum and sugarcane revealed distinct regulation of HATS nitrate uptake process under nitrate resupply. 15 N-nitrate influx assays showed high nitrate uptake by sorghum 'BTX623' cultivar and the sugarcane 'IAC87-3396' genotype. Expression analysis of genes encoding NRT2 and NRT3, HATS complex components, exhibit distinct transcriptional regulation among sugarcane genotypes. The lack of correlation between the accumulation of NRT2.1 and NRT3.1 proteins with the 15 N-nitrate influx suggest the presence of a mechanism controlling nitrate transport in sorghum and sugarcane roots at post-translational level. This putative allosteric regulation of the HATS complex would be the major player on nitrate uptake in roots of sorghum and sugarcane. A better understanding of the mechanisms and molecules involved in the posttranslational regulation of the nitrate uptake process and, therefore, in the signaling pathway of this N source in grasses would bring about the development of crops with higher NUE.

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Brachypodium as an Arabidopsis for the Grasses: Are We There Yet?

Cited by 2 publications

References 62 publications

Overview of Arabidopsis as a Genetics Model System and Its Limitation, Leading to the Development of Emerging Plant Model Systems

Overview of Arabidopsis as a Genetics Model System and Its Limitation, Leading to the Development of Emerging Plant Model Systems

Regulation of the nitrate uptake process in grass species

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