Bovine trypanosomosis in upstream and downstream of Ghibe-III hydroelectric dam: parasitological and entomological study, southern Ethiopia

Mekuria, Solomon; Ashenafi, Hagos; Kebede, Nigatu; Kassa, Tesfu; Debella, Dagnachew B; Eyasu, Tadesse; Sheferaw, Desie; Terefe, Getachew

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100507

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The finding was in agreement with a seasonal survey conducted on trypanosomosis prevalence and tsetse apparent density where there was a significantly (P < .05) high tsetse apparent density and prevalence of trypanosomosis in Kindo Didaye observed than Loma district; this could be one of the reasons for reduction of herd size in downstream. 18 The finding was in agreement with other studies in west Africa. 19 even though there could be variation from place to place, trypanosomosis has a significant negative impact on livestock population growth.…”

Section: Species Identified G Pallidipes G Fuscipessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…22,28 Seasonal observation in the same study site showed a significantly high prevalence of trypanosomosis and high tsetse and biting fly apparent density observed in the rainy season. 18 Knowledge on signs and transmission of trypanosomosis by farmers observed in the high tsetse challenge area, 27 agreed with current finding; 44% of farmers agreed tsetse fly accompanied with the river, grazing site and wet season are the main cause of trypanosomosis. 34 Altogether, the local community in both study sites has adequate experience with bovine trypanosomosis and the disease is considered a major threat to their livestock and their livelihood.…”

Section: Species Identified G Pallidipes G Fuscipessupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Focus group discussion and seasonal observation in the same study site demonstrated a similar situation in line with respondents, where there was a low prevalence and tsetse fly apparent density in Loma than in Kindo Didaye district. 18,28 Other experiences on mosquito abundance and malaria disease in Ghibe-I hydroelectric dam showed that stagnant water in the dam contributed 88% to the increase of mosquitoes thereby increasing malaria cases. 35 Stagnant water might be a favorable environment for mosquito multiplication.…”

Section: Species Identified G Pallidipes G Fuscipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Livestock Owners’ Perception on the Impact of Ghibe-III Hydroelectric Dam on Bovine Trypanosomosis, Southern Ethiopia

Wudneh

2022

Environ�Health�Insights

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Background: Trypanosomosis is an endemic livestock disease in Ethiopia. The problem prevails mainly in the South, Southwest, and Northwest regions following main rivers and their tributaries. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Loma and Kindo Didaye districts near the Ghibe-III hydroelectric dam, to compare dam impact upstream and downstream, from January 2019 to June 2020. Two hundred standardized questionnaire surveys were administered. The questionnaire included biography, livestock population before and after dam construction, knowledge of major livestock diseases, clinical signs, transmission, seasonality, and wildlife population status was assessed. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U Test. Results and discussion: A total of 189 questionnaires were returned out of 200 questionnaires administered. Among the respondents, the majorities were males and had an average age of 39.4 + 10.6. In all herd size levels, there was no significant ( P > .05) difference before dam construction between the 2 districts; whereas, statistically significant ( P < .05) large and medium herd sizes increased by 16%(95% CI: 0.5, 31.5) after dam construction in Loma district; whereas, the same herd size reduced by 20%(95% CI:0,43.7) after dam construction with statistically significant( P < .05) difference. Bovine trypanosomosis ranked first among major diseases. Knowledge of clinical signs, transmission, and seasonality of trypanosomosis was consistent with the literature. 87.8% of respondents in Loma associated reduction of trypanosomosis and tsetse population, but 77% of Kindo Didaye respondents perceived no change in prevalence after dam construction. More reduction in wildlife population was observed upstream than downstream, health services improved, and disease outbreaks and cattle deaths were reduced. Studies in African countries indicate the reduction in tsetse apparent density and absences of wildlife contributed to the reduction of trypanosomosis. CONCLUSION: An increased herd size, reduced trypanosomosis prevalence, and wildlife population observed upstream, indicate artificial Lake has an impact on tsetse apparent density. Therefore, follow-up of the disease prevalence and investigation of drug resistance is recommended to prove the situation in the study area.

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Section: Species Identified G Pallidipes G Fuscipessupporting

confidence: 93%