Bovine leukemia virus linked to breast cancer in Australian women and identified before breast cancer development

Buehring, Gertrude Case; Shen, Hua; Schwartz, Daniel; Lawson, James S.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179367

Cited by 68 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is prevalent and causes B‐cell leukemia/lymphoma in cattle globally. Recent studies have suggested that BLV DNA was present in the breast tissues of women with breast cancer in the USA and Australia , raising concerns that BLV may be a risk factor for human breast cancer . BLV miRNAs mediate the expression of genes involved in cell cancer and immunity, and are essential in the induction of B‐cell tumors and efficient viral replication .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Lai

Lai²,

Rahman

et al. 2019

The FEBS Journal

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Mastitis is a common inflammatory infectious disease in dairy cows. To understand the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile changes during bovine mastitis, we undertook a genome-wide miRNA study of normal milk and milk that tested positive on the California mastitis test for bovine mastitis (CMT+). Twenty-five miRNAs were differentially expressed (23 miRNAs upregulated and two downregulated) during bovine mastitis relative to their expression in normal milk. Upregulated mature miR-1246 probably derived from a U2 small nuclear RNA rather than an miR-1246 precursor. The significantly upregulated miRNA precursors and RNU2 were significantly enriched on bovine chromosome 19, which is homologous to human chromosome 17. A gene ontology analysis of the putative mRNA targets of the significantly upregulated miRNAs showed that these miRNAs were involved in binding target mRNA transcripts and regulating target gene expression, and a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the upregulated miRNAs were predominantly related to cancer and immune system pathways. Three novel miRNAs were associated with bovine mastitis and were relatively highly expressed in milk. We confirmed that one of the novel mastitis-related miRNAs was significantly upregulated using a digital PCR system. The differentially expressed miR-NAs were involved in human cancers, infections, and immune-related diseases. The genome-wide analysis of miRNA profiles in this study provides insight into bovine mastitis and inflammatory diseases. DatabasesThe miRNAseq generated for this study can be found in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under BioProject Number PRJNA421075 and SRA Study Number SRP126134 (https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA421075).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Lai

Lai²,

Rahman

et al. 2019

The FEBS Journal

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“…Its presence in meat and dairy products has been shown [110] and Buehring et al (2003) [111] found antibodies against BLV capsid antigen in 74% of human serum samples using immunoblotting. There are also several reports claiming an association of breast or colon cancer with BLV [73,112]. However, data from a recent study in China did not detect any BLV genome or antibodies against BLV in women with or without breast cancer even though the virus-and antibody prevalences of cows in the analysed regions were high [113].…”

Section: Foodborne Animal Viruses With Unclear Zoonotic Potentialmentioning

confidence: 93%

Selected Viruses Detected on and in our Food

Bachofen

2018

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to provide an update on recent literature and findings concerning selected foodborne viruses. Two groups of viruses were selected: (a) the most important viruses contaminating food, based on numbers of publications in the last 5 years and (b) viruses infecting sources of food that might have an impact on human health. Recent Findings Important foodborne viruses such as norovirus, hepatitis A and rotavirus are usually "only" contaminating food and are detected on the surface of foodstuffs. However, they are threats to human public health and make up for the majority of cases. In contrast, the meaning of viruses born from within the food such as natural animal and plant viruses is still in many cases unknown. An exception is Hepatitis E virus that is endemic in pigs, transmitted via pork meat and is recognised as an emerging zoonosis in industrialised countries. Summary Even though the clinical meaning of "new" foodborne viruses, often detected by next generation sequencing, still needs clarification, the method has great potential to enhance surveillance and detection particularly in view of an increasingly globalised food trade.

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“…Molecular epidemiology studies of BLV worldwide an in this case in Colombia, makes it possible to identify circulating strains in specific regions to propose and build public policies aimed to control and, in the future, eradicate this virus which has been seen to produce problems not only in cattle but also has been reported as a possible risk factor involved in humans pathologies [32][33][34][35]. In the other hand, variability of genotypes as well as results of structural and functional properties of its envelope proteins [36] provide useful information for research focused on vaccines production with specific strains, that in the case of Colombia, will be appropriate to include conserved epitopes shared between genotypes 1, 6 and 3 according to the results obtained in this study and previously reported [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of BLV, it has been shown that the virus not only is present in cattle but also in other species such as sheep, buffalo, goats, alpacas and humans [46][47][48][49]. Although is not clear yet the role that BLV might have in humans, evidence of its presence has been reported and is proposed as a potential risk factor for breast cancer development [32][33][34]. In addition, due to the fact that BLV is considered one of the main viral agents associated with economic impact in livestock production, which is distributed worldwide [42] and seems to have a zoonotic behavior, are enough arguments to continue in the research field of vaccines candidates and thus, to find strategies directed to control the viral infection by preventing risk factors within farms as well as the use of good livestock production practices for each specific region [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masked Genotype 6 of Bovine Leukemia Virus Is Found in Colombian Cattle

Corredor-Figueroa

Olaya-Galán

Salas

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Viral diseases such as bovine leukosis are a major cause of health problems associated with economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide. The prevalence of bovine leukosis ranges between 4% and 90%, and this disease is considered endemic. The etiological agent is bovine leukemia virus (BLV). Ten BLV genotypes have been reported based on analysis of complete or partial envelope gene sequences, of which genotype 1 is the most prevalent. However, the genetic variability of BLV variants circulating in Colombia remains unexplored. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed blood samples collected from 289 cows distributed in 75 farms across the country. PCR amplification of env, gag and tax gene segments was performed. The obtained amplicons were sequenced and then subjected to phylogenetic analyses. Results A total of 62% of the cows present at 92% of the farms were BLV-positive. Genotype 1 was exclusively detected by env and gag gene segments when analyzed using previously reported primers. However, tax gene analysis revealed circulation of genotype 6 variants, which were also detected based on env gene analysis with newly designed primers. These results indicate that current genotyping approaches based on partial env sequencing may bias BLV genetic variability approaches and underestimate the diversity of the detected BLV genotypes. Conclusions This report is the first molecular and epidemiological study of BLV conducted in Colombia and contributes to the global epidemiology of the virus; it also reinforces the great impact of BLV on the country’s livestock and thus is a useful resource for farmers and government entities.

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Bovine leukemia virus linked to breast cancer in Australian women and identified before breast cancer development

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Selected Viruses Detected on and in our Food

Masked Genotype 6 of Bovine Leukemia Virus Is Found in Colombian Cattle

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