Bovine Immunology: Implications for Dairy Cattle

Vlasova, Anastasia N.; Saif, Linda J.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.643206

Cited by 52 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…According to Vlasova and Saif ( 2021 ), the growing world population (7.8 billion) exerts an increased pressure on the cattle industry amongst others. High yielding dairy cattle and their calves are more vulnerable to various diseases leading to shorter life expectancy and reduced environmental fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta‐analysis and systematic literature review of climate change effects on livestock welfare

Morgado

Santeramo

Lamonaca

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Climate change is a phenomenon that includes different dramatic events that deeply affect the physiology of animal species both directly and indirectly with qualitative–quantitative impacts on livestock performances and health. The implications of climate change on animal welfare and on production demand are complex and call for a multidisciplinary approach which involved both animal science and economic sciences. The current technical report will describe the activities performed by the fellow while placed at the University of Foggia, Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Engineering, in Italy. Furthermore, the work programme offered by the hosting site consisted in performing a systematic literature review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) Statement, and a quantitative synthesis of the literature on the impact of climate change events (e.g. heat stress) on livestock welfare and productivity and the effect of heat relieving strategies on the animals’ performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta‐analysis and systematic literature review of climate change effects on livestock welfare

Morgado

Santeramo

Lamonaca

et al. 2022

EFS2

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“…It is critical to understand the natural immune mechanisms that fight infection and how vaccination, biosafety, nutrition, livestock and management practices could be used to maintain and enhance immune protection ( 43 ). The sequence and structure of IgH constant genes in yak were similar to those in bovids ( 11 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dr. Ma found that the bovine DH gene of ultra-long CDR3H had a ‘YxYx’ feature, which also appeared in the ultra-long CDR3H sequence of yak ( 11 ). CDR3H was located in the center of the antigen binding site and plays a key role in determining the specificity and affinity of antibodies ( 43 ). DH gene was the main component of CDR3H and largely determines the length and AA composition of CDR3H.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization and Complexity of the Yak (Bos Grunniens) Immunoglobulin Loci

Zhao

Tang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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As important livestock in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, yak provides meat and other necessities for Tibetans living. Plateau yak has resistance to diseases and stress, yet is nearly unknown in the structure and expression mechanism of yak immunoglobulin loci. Based on the published immunoglobulin genes of bovids (cattle, sheep and goat), the genomic organization of the yak immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) were described. The assemblage diversity of IgH, Igλ and Igκ in yak was similar to that in bovids, and contributes little to the antibody lineage compared with that in humans and mice. Somatic hypermutation (SHM) had a greater effect on immunoglobulin diversity in yak than in goat and sheep, and in addition to the complementarity-determining region (CDR), some loci in the framework region (FR) also showed high frequency mutations. CDR3 diversity showed that immunological lineages in yak were overwhelmingly generated through linkage diversity in IgH rearrangements. The emergence of new high-throughput sequencing technologies and the yak whole genome (2019) publication have greatly improved our understanding of the immune response in yaks. We had a more comprehensive analysis of yak immunoglobulin expression diversity by PE300, which avoided the disadvantage of missing low-frequency recombination in traditional Sanger sequencing. In summary, we described the schematic structure of the genomic organization of yak IgH loci and IgL loci. The analysis of immunoglobulin expression diversity showed that yak made up for the deficiency of V(D)J recombinant diversity by junctional diversity and CDR3 diversity. In addition, yak, like cattle, also had the same ultra-long IgH CDR3 (CDR3H), which provided more contribution to the diverse expression of yak immunoglobulin. These findings might provide a theoretical basis for disease resistance breeding and vaccine development in yak.

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“…The potent innate immune system activation is essential for the development of pathogen-specific adaptive immune responses (Mishra et al 2017). Further, an in-depth and complete understanding of the cattle's natural anti-infectious immunity is essential for the effective management of cattle herds (Ferluga et al 2020;Vlasova and Saif 2021). The arrival of new high-throughput D r a f t sequencing technologies has significantly improved our understanding of the cattle immune system (Meade 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-genome comparative analysis reveals genetic mechanisms of disease resistance and heat tolerance of tropicalBos indicuscattle breeds

Vijayakumar

Singaravadivelan

Mishra

et al. 2022

Genome

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The Bos indicus cattle breeds have been naturally selected over thousands of years for disease resistance and thermo-tolerance. However, a genetic mechanism of these specific inherited characteristics needs to be discovered. Hence, in this study, the whole-genome comparative analysis of Bos indicus cattle breeds of Kangayam, Tharparkar, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, and Hariana of the Indian subcontinent was conducted. The genetic variants identification analysis revealed a total of 15,58,51,012 SNPs and 1,00,62,805 InDels in the mapped reads across all Bos indicus cattle breeds. The functional annotation of 17,252 genes that comprised both, SNPs and InDels, of high functional impact on proteins, has been carried out. The functional annotation results revealed the pathways that were involved in the innate immune response including toll-like receptors, a retinoic acid-inducible gene I like receptors, NOD-like receptors, Jak-STAT signaling pathways, and the non-synonymous variants in the candidate immune genes. Further, we also identified several pathways involved in heat shock response, hair and skin properties, oxidative stress response, osmotic stress response, thermal sweating, feed intake, metabolism, and the non-synonymous variants in the candidate thermo-tolerant genes. These pathways and genes were directly or indirectly contributing to the disease resistance and thermo-tolerance adaptations of Bos indicus cattle breeds.

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Bovine Immunology: Implications for Dairy Cattle

Cited by 52 publications

References 181 publications

Meta‐analysis and systematic literature review of climate change effects on livestock welfare

Meta‐analysis and systematic literature review of climate change effects on livestock welfare

Organization and Complexity of the Yak (Bos Grunniens) Immunoglobulin Loci

Whole-genome comparative analysis reveals genetic mechanisms of disease resistance and heat tolerance of tropicalBos indicuscattle breeds

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