Bovine Endometritis: Current and Future Alternative Therapy

Abstract

Summary Abnormal parturition can be followed by a persistent endometritis which can have deleterious effects on the cow's subsequent reproductive performance. Normal and active uterine defense mechanisms have been reported to be very important for the exclusion of bacterial infection from the uterus and recovery from endometritis developing after parturition. Despite the widespread use of local or systemic antibiotics, antiseptics, sulfonamides and hormones, rates of recovery from endometritis and the cow's subsequent fertility have not increased appreciably. Furthermore, the cost of any treatment, the frequency of its administration and the milk disposal after treatment make their use uneconomic. Alternative therapies which stimulate the natural uterine defense mechanisms have been suggested as treatments of bovine endometritis. These include: (I) Endotoxins such as lipopolysac‐charide of E. coli, (II) serum, plasma or hyperimmune serum, (III) polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) extracts and components and (IV) granulocytemacrophage colony stimulating factors (G‐M CSF).

Flunixin meglumine accelerates uterine involution and shortens the calving‐to‐first‐oestrus interval in cows with puerperal metritis

“…Puerperal diseases, such as postparturient metritis – a severe and occasionally life‐threatening infection of the uterus, usually occurring within 7 days postpartum – have for long been associated with serious delays of uterine involution, leading to a retarded resumption of ovarian activity. Consequently, the fertility of the cow is adversely affected (Morrow, 1969; Fonseca et al ., 1983; Hussain & Daniel, 1991).…”

Steroidal regulation of uterine resistance to bacterial infection in livestock

“…In fact, in vitro experiments indicate that PGF 2α , LTB 4 , 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and lipoxin B 4 are chemoattractant to neutrophils [42]. Neutrophils are thought to be the initial defense against pathogens that enter the uterus, and suppressed neutrophil functions are thought to predispose the uterus to infections [22,23,25]. Prostaglandin E 2 can suppress a number of immune functions, including neutrophil functions, and predispose cows to uterine infections [24].…”

DÖNEN (REPEAT BREEDER) İNEKLERDE İNTRAUTERİN UYGULAMALARIN SEKSUEL SİKLUS UZUNLuliUNA VE FERTİLİTEYE ETKİSİ

“…geb<" kalm?yan inek1cr Ang10 S".ksonl?,r tara.fından "REPEAT BREEDER" olarak i~iiınlcndirilmekte-dir (1,13,14,20,22).…”

“…lerdir. Araştırıcılz.r (13,15,16,22), bu enfeksiyonların utcrusta olu~-turdukları PH değişikliği sonucu spermatozoitlerin dölleme yeteneğini d iişürcrek veya zigotun implantasyonunu etkileyerek infertiliteye neden, olduğunu vurgulamışlardır.…”