Bovine babesiosis: Cattle protected in the field with a frozen vaccine containing Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina cultured in vitro with a serum-free medium

Rojas-Martínez, Carmen; Rodríguez-Vivas, Róger Iván; Millán, Julio Vicente Figueroa; Garfias, Carlos Ramón Bautista; Castañeda-Arriola, Roberto O.; Lira-Amaya, José J.; Urióstegui, Patricia Vargas; Carrasco, Juan José Ojeda; Martínez, Jesús Antonio Álvarez

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2017.11.004

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Once established in in vitro cultivation it was continuously cultivated for almost five consecutive years in the laboratory with passes every 72 or 96 hrs (at least 500 sub-cultures in cultivation). Thereafter, the in vitro culture of the B. bigemina was carried out discontinuously and with an indefinite number of passes in cultivation; it was grown for short periods of time (one or two months), just until enough material was obtained for experiments that were conducted during the development of the attenuated live vaccine (periods 1991-1998 and 2001-2006) and immediately frozen down in liquid nitrogen until other experiments were conducted in the period 2011-2017 in which it was cultivated for the latest experiments (tick transmissibility) and immunogenicity validation [17,18,23,24,26] until now when sequencing was carried out. More importantly to note is that the attenuated biological material has not been passed through a bovine host since its original isolation unlike the virulent isolate (from which the attenuate strain was selected) and that is replicated in animals whenever required.…”

Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ability has been demonstrated after one passage in susceptible cattle [16,[19][20][21]. Furthermore, this type of live attenuated vaccine has the great advantage conferred by its in vitro production: a low risk of contamination with other infectious agents [22][23][24], a highly parasitized suspension of red blood cells and the possibility of relatively large scale vaccine production [25]. Importantly, it was shown that the attenuated Babesia bigemina S strain was not transmitted by ticks after several passages in susceptible cattle [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Comparative Genomic Study of Attenuated and Virulent Strains of Babesia bigemina

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cattle babesiosis is a socio-economically important tick-borne disease caused by Apicomplexa protozoa of the genus Babesia that are obligate intraerythrocytic parasites. The pathogenicity of Babesia parasites for cattle is determined by the interaction with the host immune system and the presence of the parasite’s virulence genes. A Babesia bigemina strain that has been maintained under a microaerophilic stationary phase in in vitro culture conditions for several years in the laboratory lost virulence for the bovine host and the capacity for being transmitted by the tick vector. In this study, we compared the virulome of the in vitro culture attenuated Babesia bigemina strain (S) and the virulent tick transmitted parental Mexican B. bigemina strain (M). Preliminary results obtained by using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) showed that out of 27 virulence genes described and analyzed in the B. bigemina virulent tick transmitted strain, only five were fully identified in the attenuated laboratory strain. In all cases, the identity and coverture of the identified genes of the wildtype strain were higher than those of the laboratory strain. This finding is putatively associated with the continuous partial loss of virulence genes in the laboratory strain after several passages of the parasite population under optimal in vitro growth conditions. The loss of virulence factors might be reflected in the absence of symptoms of the disease in cattle inoculated with the attenuated strain despite the presence of infection in the bovine host cells.

show abstract

Section: Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Genomic Study of Attenuated and Virulent Strains of Babesia bigemina

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recently, a live vaccine containing B. bovis and B. bigemina -infected erythrocytes cultured in vitro with a serum-free medium was assessed for protection conferred to naïve cattle, under natural tick-challenge in a high endemicity zone for Babesia spp. Vaccinated animals with Babesia-infected erythrocytes derived from both the serum-free culture system or the traditional bovine serum-containing culture system showed an excellent protection level, whereas the control unvaccinated animals were not protected and showed severe clinical signs, closely related to bovine babesiosis ( 113 ).…”

Section: Experience On Live Attenuated Vaccines From In Vitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on the improvement of the in vitro culture system of B. bovis and B. bigemina have demonstrated that it is possible to expand from a flask of 72 cm 2 containing a PPE of 4% to a perfusion bioreactor, steadily increasing the maximal PPE up to 30% while harvesting material every 24 h. This has been achieved for both B. bovis and B. bigemina culture systems which implies obtaining a larger number of vaccine doses in a shorter period ( 92 , 113 ).…”

Section: Experience On Live Attenuated Vaccines From In Vitmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Current Knowledge on in vitro Babesia Cultivation for Production of Live Attenuated Vaccines for Bovine Babesiosis in Mexico

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The instrumentation of the in vitro culture system has allowed researchers to learn more about the metabolic and growth behavior of Babesia spp. The various applications for in vitro cultivation of Babesia include obtaining attenuated strains for vaccination or pre-munition, the selection of pure lines with different degrees of virulence, studies on biological cloning, ultrastructure, antigen production for diagnostics, drug sensitivity assessments, and different aspects of parasite biology. Although there are different types of vaccines that have been tested against bovine babesiosis, so far, the only procedure that has offered favorable results in terms of protection and safety has been the use of live attenuated vaccines. In countries, such as Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Israel, this type of vaccine has been produced and used. The alternative to live vaccines other than splenectomized calf-derived biological material, has been the in vitro cultivation of Babesia bovis and B. bigemina . The development of in vitro culture of Babesia spp. strains in a defined medium has been the basis for the initiation of a source of parasites and exoantigens for a variety of studies on the biochemistry and immunology of babesiosis. The use of live immunogens from attenuated strains derived from in vitro culture is highlighted, which has been proposed as an alternative to control bovine babesiosis. In several studies performed in Mexico, this type of immunogen applied to susceptible cattle has shown the induction of protection against the experimental heterologous strain challenge with both, Babesia -infected blood and animal exposure to confrontations on tick vector-infested farms. The combination of transfection technologies and the in vitro culture system as integrated methodologies would eventually give rise to the generation of genetically modified live vaccines. However, a greater challenge faced now by researchers is the large-scale cultivation of Babesia parasites for mass production and vaccine distribution.

show abstract

“…Additionally, both species differ morphologically at different developmental stages and cannot always be distinguished through microscopic techniques. Consequently, a number of efforts have been directed towards developing molecular as well as serological tests to detect infection with B. bovis and/or B. bigemina , since co-infection with both pathogens has also been documented [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Thus, immunofluorescence antibody assays (IFA) have been developed to detect animals exposed to the different bovine Babesia spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Diagnostic Tools For The Detection And Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Integrated Management for Cattle Fever Ticks and Bovine Babesiosis in the United States and Mexico: Current Status and Opportunities for Binational Coordination

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bovine babesiosis is a reportable transboundary animal disease caused by Babesia bovis and Babesiabigemina in the Americas where these apicomplexan protozoa are transmitted by the invasive cattle fever ticks Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Rhipicephalus(Boophilus) annulatus. In countries like Mexico where cattle fever ticks remain endemic, bovine babesiosis is detrimental to cattle health and results in a significant economic cost to the livestock industry. These cattle disease vectors continue to threaten the U.S. cattle industry despite their elimination through efforts of the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program. Mexico and the U.S. share a common interest in managing cattle fever ticks through their economically important binational cattle trade. Here, we report the outcomes of a meeting where stakeholders from Mexico and the U.S. representing the livestock and pharmaceutical industry, regulatory agencies, and research institutions gathered to discuss research and knowledge gaps requiring attention to advance progressive management strategies for bovine babesiosis and cattle fever ticks. Research recommendations and other actionable activities reflect commitment among meeting participants to seize opportunities for collaborative efforts. Addressing these research gaps is expected to yield scientific knowledge benefitting the interdependent livestock industries of Mexico and the U.S. through its translation into enhanced biosecurity against the economic and animal health impacts of bovine babesiosis and cattle fever ticks.

show abstract

Bovine babesiosis: Cattle protected in the field with a frozen vaccine containing Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina cultured in vitro with a serum-free medium

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

A Comparative Genomic Study of Attenuated and Virulent Strains of Babesia bigemina

A Comparative Genomic Study of Attenuated and Virulent Strains of Babesia bigemina

An Overview of Current Knowledge on in vitro Babesia Cultivation for Production of Live Attenuated Vaccines for Bovine Babesiosis in Mexico

Research on Integrated Management for Cattle Fever Ticks and Bovine Babesiosis in the United States and Mexico: Current Status and Opportunities for Binational Coordination

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About