Bounds on gauge bosons coupled to nonconserved currents

Ekhterachian, Majid; Hook, Anson; Kumar, Soubhik; Tsai, Yuhsin

doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.035034

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…[9] we had assumed φ to be a scalar and the decay described by a Yukawa interaction, motivated by Majoron models [29][30][31] in which a new Goldstone boson of a spontaneously broken global U (1) B−L symmetry couples to neutrinos. Another possibility arises within gauged L i − L j models, where a new vector boson plays the role of the massless state [32][33][34]. Here, in order to keep our analysis as general as possible, apart from the quantum statistical requirement that φ must be boson, we shall leave its nature and the nature of the interaction unspecified.…”

Section: The Physical Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaker yet again: mass spectrum-consistent cosmological constraints on the neutrino lifetime

Chen¹,

Oldengott²,

Pierobon³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We consider invisible neutrino decay ν H → ν l + φ in the ultra-relativistic limit and compute the neutrino anisotropy loss rate relevant for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. Improving on our previous work which assumed massless ν l and φ, we reinstate in this work the daughter neutrino mass m νl in a manner consistent with the experimentally determined neutrino mass splittings. We find that a nonzero m νl introduces a new phase space factor in the loss rate Γ T proportional to (∆m 2 ν /m 2 ν H ) 2 in the limit of a small squared mass gap between the parent and daughter neutrinos, i.e., Γ T ∼ (∆m 2 ν /m 2 νH ) 2 (m νH /E ν ) 5 (1/τ 0 ), where τ 0 is the ν H rest-frame lifetime. Using a general form of this result, we update the limit on τ 0 using the Planck 2018 CMB data. We find that for a parent neutrino of mass m νH 0.1 eV, the new phase space factor weakens the constraint on its lifetime by up to a factor of 50 if ∆m 2 ν corresponds to the atmospheric mass gap and up to 10 5 if the solar mass gap, in comparison with naïve estimates that assume m νl = 0. The revised constraints are (i) τ 0 (6 → 10) × 10 5 s and τ 0 (400 → 500) s if only one neutrino decays to a daughter neutrino separated by, respectively, the atmospheric and the solar mass gap, and (ii) τ 0 (1 → 3) × 10 7 s in the case of two decay channels with one near-common atmospheric mass gap. In contrast to previous, naïve limits which scale as m 5 νH , these mass spectrum-consistent τ 0 constraints are remarkably independent of the parent mass and open up a swath of parameter space within the projected reach of IceCube and other neutrino telescopes in the next two decades.

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Section: The Physical Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaker yet again: mass spectrum-consistent cosmological constraints on the neutrino lifetime

Chen¹,

Oldengott²,

Pierobon³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Numerous papers have studied theories with a Stückelberg vector field in the context of field theory or string theory [20,21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. There is also a huge literature on anomalous U (1) symmetries and their implications for theory or phenomenology [27,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The connections between anomalous U (1) symmetries and the Green-Schwarz anomaly cancellation mechanism have also been elucidated [27,31,33,34,41,48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Field Theory of Stückelberg Vector Bosons

Kribs¹,

Lee²,

Martín³

2022

Preprint

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We explore the effective field theory of a vector field X µ that has a Stückelberg mass. The absence of a gauge symmetry for X µ implies Lorentz-invariant operators are constructed directly from X µ . Beyond the kinetic and mass terms, allowed interactions at the renormalizable level include X µ X µ H † H, (X µ X µ ) 2 , and X µ j µ , where j µ is a global current of the SM or of a hidden sector. We show that all of these interactions lead to scattering amplitudes that grow with powers of √ s/m X , except for the case of X µ j µ where j µ is a nonanomalous global current. The latter is well-known when X is identified as a dark photon coupled to the electromagnetic current, often written equivalently as kinetic mixing between X and the photon. The power counting for the energy growth of the scattering amplitudes is facilitated by isolating the longitudinal enhancement. We examine in detail the interaction with an anomalous global vector current X µ j µ anom , carefully isolating the finite contribution to the fermion triangle diagram. We calculate the longitudinally-enhanced observables Z → Xγ (when m X < m Z ), f f → Xγ, and Zγ → Zγ when X couples to the baryon number current. Introducing a "fake" gauge-invariance by writing X µ = A µ − ∂ µ π/m X , the would-be gauge anomaly associated with A µ j µ anom is canceled by j µ anom ∂ µ π/m X ; this is the four-dimensional Green-Schwarz anomaly-cancellation mechanism at work. Our analysis suggests there is no "free lunch" by appealing to Stückelberg for the mass of a vector field: the price paid for avoiding a dark Higgs sector (with its fine tunings and additional dark Higgs boson interactions) is replaced by the non-generic set of interactions that the Stückelberg vector field must have to avoid amplitudes that grow with energy.

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Constraining Vector Dark Matter with neutrino experiments

Brzeminski,

Das,

Hook

et al. 2023

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Vector Dark Matter (VDM) that couples to lepton flavor (Le, Lμ, Lτ) acts similarly to a chemical potential for the neutrino flavor eigenstates and modifies neutrino oscillations. VDM imparts unique signatures such as time and directional dependence with longer baselines giving better sensitivity. We use the non-observation of such a signal at Super-Kamiokande to rule out the existence of VDM in a region of parameter space several orders of magnitude beyond other constraints and show the projected reach of future experiments such as DUNE.

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Bounds on gauge bosons coupled to nonconserved currents

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

Weaker yet again: mass spectrum-consistent cosmological constraints on the neutrino lifetime

Weaker yet again: mass spectrum-consistent cosmological constraints on the neutrino lifetime

Effective Field Theory of Stückelberg Vector Bosons

Constraining Vector Dark Matter with neutrino experiments

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