Boundary Conditions for Drosophila Resource Utilization in Temperate Regions, Especially at Low Temperatures

Parsons, P. A.

doi:10.1086/283346

Cited by 36 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…paternal, maternal, developmental and laying temperature) are routinely experienced by developing D. melanogaster in nature (McKenzie, 1975;Parsons, 1978;Jones et a!., 1987;Izquierdo, 1991). Thus our experimental results should be ecologically relevant.…”

Section: *Correspondencementioning

confidence: 95%

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 1995

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We used a repeated-measures, four-factor experimental design to determine how the fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster during the first 5 days of adult life was influenced by paternal, maternal, developmental and laying temperature, with two different temperature levels (18°C vs. 25°C) per factor. Laying temperature had by far the largest effect on fecundity and accounted for 79 per cent of the variance in overall fecundity: flies laying at 25°C began laying eggs about a day earlier and had much higher daily fecundities than did those laying at 18°C. Developmental temperature had no significant effect either on overall fecundity or on the pattern of daily egg production. Dam temperature had a slight effect on the pattern of daily egg production, but not on overall fecundity. In contrast, sire temperature slightly influenced both overall fecundity and the pattern of daily egg production. Our results demonstrate that early fecundity is extraordinarily sensitive to laying temperature (360 per cent increase if laying at 25°C vs. at 18°C), but is relatively well buffered against developmental and cross-generational effects (maximum effect only 7 per cent, for sire temperature).

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Section: *Correspondencementioning

confidence: 95%

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 1995

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“…We raised flies through two generations during which we manipulated sire's temperature (T sire ; 18°C or 25°C), dam's temperature (T dam ; 18°C or 25°C), and offspring's developmental temperature (T dev ; 18°C or 25°C). We selected 18°C and 25°C because these temperatures are well within the natural range of developmental temperatures for D. melanogaster (Parsons 1978;McKenzie and McKechnie 1979;Jones et al 1987;Feder 1996) and these temperatures result in normal development (Economos and Lints 1986). We then crossed parental flies in the four possible sex-byparental temperature combinations and raised the eggs at either 18°C or 25°C.…”

Section: Overview Of Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHIN‐ AND BETWEEN‐GENERATION EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

1996

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Abstract,-We investigated the effects of developmental and parental temperatures on several physiological and morphological traits of adult Drosophila melanogaster. Flies for the parental generation were raised at either low or moderate temperature (18°C or 25°C) and then mated in the four possible sex-by-parental temperature crosses. Their offspring were raised at either 18°C or 25°C and then scored as adults for morphological (dry body mass, wing size, and abdominal melanization [females only]), physiological (knock-down temperature, and thermal dependence of walking speed), and life history (egg size) traits. The experiment was replicated, and the factorial design allows us to determine whether and how paternal, maternal, and developmental temperatures (as well as offspring sex) influence the various traits. Sex and developmental temperature had major effects on all traits. Females had larger bodies and wings, higher knock-down temperatures, and slower speeds (but similar shaped performance curves) than males, Development at 2YC (versus at 18°C) increased knock-down temperature, increased maximal speed and thermal performance breadth, decreased the optimal temperature for walking, decreased body mass and wing size, reduced abdominal melanization, and reduced egg size. Parental temperatures influenced a few traits, but the effects were generally small relative to those of sex or developmental temperature. Flies whose mother had been raised at 25°C (versus at 18°C) had slightly higher knock-down temperature and smaller body mass. Flies whose father had been raised at 25°C had relatively longer wings. The effects of paternal, maternal, and developmental temperatures sometimes differed in direction. The existence of significant within-and between-generation effects suggests that comparative studies need to standardize thermal environments for at least two generations, that attempts to estimate "field" heritabilities may be unreliable for some traits, and that predictions of short-term evolutionary responses to selection will be difficult. The magnitude and nature of nongenetic effects on an organism's phenotype (phenotypic plasticity, norms of reaction, acclimation) have recently received considerable attention. Such nongenetic effects are relevant not only to functional biologists studying how organisms work (Somero 1995), but also to evolutionary biologists studying the dynamics of phenotypic evolution (Kirkpatrick and Lande 1989;Stearns 1989). The magnitude of phenotypic plasticity is genetically variable and can respond to selection (Gebhardt and Stearns 1988; Scheiner and Lyman 1991). However, marked phenotypic plasticity complicates attempts to predict responses to selection (Via and Lande 1985;Kirkpatrick and Lande 1989).Most studies of phenotypic plasticity have focused on the phenotypic effects of environmental factors within an individual's lifetime. For example, many studies report on the consequences of developmental regimes (temperature, food regime, or crowding) on adult size, life span, physiologic...

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“…In certain studies, various species of Drosophila including D. ananassae, which has been utilized during the present study have been used for the study of effect of temperature on oviposition (McKenzie, 1975;Parsons, 1978;Schnebel & Grossfield, 1986). In all these species, oviposition is severely reduced at low temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all these species, oviposition is severely reduced at low temperature. However, oviposition increases linearly between 12-20°C in D. melanogaster and D. simulans (McKenzie, 1975;Parsons, 1978).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature plays an important role in oviposition behaviour of Drosophila species. It is severely restricted at low temperature (Mckenzie, 1975;Parsons, 1978;Schnebel & Grossfield, 1986 (Singh & Chatterjee, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1994Srivastava & Singh, 1993a, b;Singh & Sisodia, 1995). Oviposition site preference has been studied in these species and intraand interspecies variations have been found (Srivastava & Singh, 1993a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of temperature on oviposition in four species of the melanogaster group of Drosophila

Srivastava

Singh

1998

Rev. Bras. Biol.

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Boundary Conditions for Drosophila Resource Utilization in Temperate Regions, Especially at Low Temperatures

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

Within- and between-generation effects of temperature on early fecundity of Drosophila melanogaster

WITHIN‐ AND BETWEEN‐GENERATION EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Effect of temperature on oviposition in four species of the melanogaster group of Drosophila

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