Bound by debt: Nutmeg trees and changing relations between farmers and agents in a Moluccan agroforestry systems

Salampessy, Messalina L; Febryano, Indra Gumay; Zulfiani, Dini

doi:10.24259/fs.v1i2.1718

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Such initiatives require close scrutiny among the research community in order to track implementation, examine the limits and possibilities, as well as supporting potential discoveries for new innovations. Research from Maluku, for example, (Salampessy et al, 2017), highlights the flaws of social forestry policy applications for its overly formulaic solutions, as middlemen co-opted the process that led to the dispossession of forest cultivators to their groves of cloves. A number of the contributions to this special section also seek to explore these and other formally supported community-based or co-management arrangements, ranging from a close examination of local institutions and their practices related to conservation (Batiran and Salim, 2020;Sirimorok and Safriyanto, 2020b), or more explicit community conservation partnerships initiated and supported by the state and other partners to develop new models for managing forest and coastal/marine areas (Anugrahsari et al, 2020;Sirimorok and Rusdianto, 2020a;Sirimorok and Rusdianto, 2020b).…”

Section: Emerging Issues On Community Conservation In Wallaceamentioning

confidence: 99%

Community and conservation in Wallacea: Making the case for the region, a methodological framework, and research trends

Fisher¹,

Verheijen²,

Sahide³

2020

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This introduction provides a review of articles published in the special section on community conservation in the Wallacea region. As editors to the special section, we worked with contributors over a series of workshops to reflexively identify challenges to conducting research on community and conservation in this important and often overlooked region. The challenges are attributable to the dynamism and remoteness of the region, as well as its peripheral position relative to the center of government in Indonesia. We begin this article by making the case for a concerted field of study for the Wallacea region. Next, we draw on empirical research and continued engagement from across Wallacea to propose a framework that helps make better sense of the often perplexing trends involving communities and conservation in the region. We call the framework ASLi, which addresses the key institutions that negotiate conservation and development, including Adat and adaptive local institutions and the State. We situate these institutions within the dimensions of Livelihoods and their relations with natural resources. In testing out the framework with research groups and practitioners from across the region, we found that each of the aspects of the framework are fundamental for better understanding and facilitating policy discussions involving communities and conservation. In the second part of the article we shift our attention to assessing the empirical contributions from the special section. The empirical examples include eight articles from across the provinces of Sulawesi, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and North Maluku. The issues range from topics that include: illegal species trade; human environment relations around charismatic species (e.g. komodo-community relations); watersheds, lakes, and landscapes; ecotourism; policy analysis; conservation management and planning; and, community participation and collaborative governance. There is much that remains misunderstood and misinterpreted about the Wallacea region. This initial set of consolidated and rich empirical material, combined with

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Section: Emerging Issues On Community Conservation In Wallaceamentioning

confidence: 99%

Community and conservation in Wallacea: Making the case for the region, a methodological framework, and research trends

Fisher¹,

Verheijen²,

Sahide³

2020

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“…Satwa ini juga memakan pucuk mangrove atau daun muda dari berbagai jenis mangrove yang ada. Menurut penelitian Salampessy et al (2012); Salampessy et al (2017); Mulyana et al (2018) agroforestri merupakan bentuk pemanfaatan lahan dengan pola tanam yang terdiri dari tanaman berkayu dan tanaman pertanian. Jumlah pakan yang melimpah dengan komponen tanaman berkayu dan tanaman pertanian di kawasan agroforestri menjadikan lutung lebih tertarik dibanding hutan mangrove yang minim ketersediaan pakan.…”

Section: B Keberadaan Lutung DI Pulau Pahawangunclassified

SEBARAN LUTUNG Trachypithecus cristatus (Raffles, 1821) DI PULAU PAHAWANG, INDONESIA

Wahyuni

Febryano

Iswandaru

et al. 2020

JBL

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Human and wildlife conflicts have a negative impact, especially langurs whose habitat in a small island. The study objective was to identify presence and the distribution of langurs in a small island. Data were collected using observation methods, then analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results show that there were 23 langur groups that distributed in 23 locations, with the number of smallest groups consisting of 6 individuals and the number of largest groups consisting of 12 individuals. Langur was found in the morning at 05.38 WIB-10.57 WIB and in the afternoon at 17.08 WIB-18.10 WIB. Most of these animals are found in agroforestry areas and a small part in mangrove forests. The highest activity intensity is found in the morning with the form of eating, locomotion (moving), grooming and resting activities. The existence of langurs in a small island is a good thing and must be preserved because langurs belong to protected animals. One way to conserve these animals is to create alternative conservation-based langur tourism.

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“…However, such benefitsharing, although presented as a success story, is by no means automatic. Past issues from Forest and Society have shown the insidious control that middlemen can enact upon forest farmers, undermining their bargaining positions by using cultural terms of debt bondage, for example in the clove industry in Maluku (Salampessy, 2017). Indeed, the Salampessy case shows how debts assigned to individual trees only further entrench these unequitable relations through SF designation, a fact that formal SF designation would find difficult to identify and address.…”

Section: The Economiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the research related to economic issues, however, discusses the importance of value chains and the need for improved understanding about commodity benefit-sharing for farmers involved in SF (Pratama et al 2019;Nuddin et al 2019). Similarly, Salampessy et al (2017) explored the ways that farmers can lose access as part of the changing means of production. Enhanced understanding of the vulnerabilities present with changing land access is a longstanding theme in SF (McDermott and Schreckenberg, 2009;Fisher et al, 2018).…”

Section: Economic Futuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The politics, economies, and ecologies of Indonesia’s third generation of social forestry: An introduction to the special section

Fisher

Dhiaulhaq

Sahide

2019

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Although Indonesia is experiencing one of the most complex transformations of social forestry policy in the world, there is a need to step back and more closely examine the politics, ecologies, and economies that provide context for its implementation. This introduction offers a synthesis of the collection of special section submissions in Forest and Society. We begin by navigating the current social forestry moment by presenting a heuristic for identifying the discourses underpinning the rapid expansion in support of social forestry schemes. These perspectives are fragmented across four continuously contested discourses: community-first, legal-first, conservation-first, and development-first. We then contextualize the historical developments that brought social forestry into its current form by laying out a genealogy of its antecedents across three distinct generations. These three generations of social forestry are roughly aligned with the overall political changes that have taken place in Indonesia, each of which engaged in their own mechanisms for defining and administering social forestry. The first generation roughly follows the period of New Order rule; a second generation began as the regime unraveled, resulting in a period of reform and restructuring of the political system. At this time, new legal frameworks were introduced, followed by the development of new implementation mechanisms. We argue that social forestry has entered a third distinct period that is characterized by the expanding interests of numerous stakeholders to formalize permitting schemes. This third generation presents new possibilities for redefining land management on Indonesia’s vast national forests. The contributions to this special issue shed new light on the overall implications of these changes. We divide the findings across submissions, covering broad topical engagement on the economies, ecologies, and politics at different governing scales. From these findings we suggest a course for future research, and identify key policy challenges for the future of social forestry and for Indonesia.

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Bound by debt: Nutmeg trees and changing relations between farmers and agents in a Moluccan agroforestry systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Community and conservation in Wallacea: Making the case for the region, a methodological framework, and research trends

Community and conservation in Wallacea: Making the case for the region, a methodological framework, and research trends

SEBARAN LUTUNG Trachypithecus cristatus (Raffles, 1821) DI PULAU PAHAWANG, INDONESIA

The politics, economies, and ecologies of Indonesia’s third generation of social forestry: An introduction to the special section

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