Bottle feeding, increased overjet and Class 2 primary canine relationship: is there any association?

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between bottle feeding and prevalence rates of increased overjet and Class 2 primary canine relationship. The sample consisted of 911 children (461 boys, 450 girls) aged 3 (13.9%), 4 (40.8%), 5 (34%) and 6 (11.3%) years, with complete primary dentition. Information about nutritive and nonnutritive (pacifier and/or digit) sucking habits was collected through questionnaires. Three calibrated dentists (κ: 0.9-1.0 and Rs > 0.90) performed the clinical assessments. The children were divided into four groups: G1 -not bottle-fed; G2 -exclusively bottle-fed; G3 -breast-and bottle-fed, bottle feeding ceased before 3 years of age; and G4 -breastand bottle-fed, bottle feeding ceased between 3 and 4 years of age. Associations between nutritive and nonnutritive sucking behaviors and the malocclusions studied were analyzed by multiple binary logistic regression (α = 0.05). The frequencies of increased overjet were: 25.3% (G1), 38.8% (G2), 39.2% (G3) and 47.8% (G4). The percentages of Class 2 canine relationship were: 27.9% (G1), 48.8% (G2), 43.4% (G3) and 43% (G4). No significant effect of bottle feeding was found. The chances of diagnosing increased overjet (O.R. = 4.42, p < 0.001) and Class 2 canine relationship (O.R. = 4.02, p < 0.001) were greater for children with pacifier and/or digit-sucking habits, compared to those without a history of nonnutritive sucking behavior. It may be suggested that bottle feeding alone is not directly associated with higher prevalence rates of increased overjet and Class 2 canine relationship in the primary dentition.

Influence of head and linear growth on the development of malocclusion at six years of age: a cohort study

“…However, these findings differ from those of most studies in the literature, which have reported sucking habits as the major determinants of the aforementioned anomalies in children. 3,4,11 The design of this study may have favored the finding of this relationship. Cross-sectional studies provide a picture of the moment, and do not offer causality relationships, therefore not being true to reality.…”

“…Malocclusions have been described as being caused by both geneticevolutionary factors, which may influence the development of the craniofacial complex and of occlusal anomalies, 1,2 and by sucking habits, which may favor the development of these abnormalities. 3,4 According to Nahás-Scocate et al, 5 the key to determine the etiology of malocclusions is to assess the preponderant effect of each factor in particular. The prevalence of this condition in the Brazilian child population has increased progressively, reaching the alarming rate of about 50% of preschoolers.…”

Assessment of occlusal characteristics of the primary dentition: a cross-sectional study in Brazilian preschool children

“…Thus, as breastfeeding and non-nutritive sucking habits are associated and showed opposite effects on the prediction of malocclusions 12,21,31 , implementing educational programs and prevention measures in early childhood is essential to reduce the prevalence of malocclusion among preschoolers. Considering that the positive influence of breastfeeding may be masked by the effect of exposure to persistent non-nutritive sucking habits, it is suggested that further studies are planned with a longitudinal design, including a larger sample size.…”

Overjet problems at the growing child, case report using the twin block appliance

“…2 Parents' education, birth rate, social and economy status, effect of breastfeeding duration to sucking habit and diet influence affects teeth malocclusion on growing children. 3,4 Overjet is a horizontal relationship between maxillary and mandibular incisors. Normal range of overjet is 2-4 mm.…”

“…Increased overjet related to class II malocclusion is usually accompanied by class II skeletal sagittal relationship and retrognathia of the mandible. 1,3,4 Overjet which is part of class II division 1 malocclusion is related to two fundamental things about the diagnosis of malocclusion. Increased overjet is the main characteristics of the diagnosis of class II division 1 malocclusion.…”