Both Saccharomyces boulardii and Its Postbiotics Alleviate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice, Association with Modulating Inflammation and Intestinal Microbiota

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and its freeze-dried and spray-dried postbiotics on the intervention and potential mechanism of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. [Methods] After the acclimation period of C67BL/6J mice, a colitis model was constructed by applying 2% DSS for 7 d, followed by 7 d of intervention. Subsequently, the disease activity index (DAI), organ index, colon length, colon HE staining of pathological sections, ELISA for blood inflammatory factors (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to determine the levels of colonic inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), Occludin gene expression, and intestinal flora were assessed to evaluate the protective effects of S. boulardii and its postbiotics on colitis in mice. Results: Compared with the DSS group, S. boulardii and the postbiotics interventions effectively improved colonic shortening and tissue damage, increased the expression of intestinal tight junction protein, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, and maintained the homeostasis of intestinal microorganisms. Postbiotics intervention is better than probiotics. Conclusions: S. boulardii and its postbiotics can effectively alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice through modulating host immunity and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Postbiotics are promising next-generation biotherapeutics for ulcerative colitis treatment.

Effect of the Combination of Clostridium butyricum and Mycelium of Phellinus igniarius on Intestinal Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in DSS-Induced Colitis

“…Studies have reported that Bacteroidota was negatively correlated with UC activity indicators, and the aggravation of UC will lead to the disappearance of these species [ 45 ]. After CON treatment, the abundance of Bacteroidota increased and Firmicutes decreased; this finding was similar to that reported by Xu et al [ 46 ]. F/B value effectively reflect the imbalance of the intestinal flora [ 47 ].…”

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Postbiotics Suppress Salmonella Infection via Modulating Bacterial Pathogenicity, Autophagy and Inflammasome in Mice

“…Accumulating research has indicated that postbiotics have similar or even better effects than their active bacteria [7]. Compared with live strains, postbiotics of Saccharomyces boulardii showed better efficacy in alleviating dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by modulating inflammation and intestinal microbiota in mice [8]. The killed lactic acid bacteria exhibited better immunomodulatory activities than live probiotic in mice spleen cells [9].…”

Weissella cibaria Relieves Gut Inflammation Caused by Escherichia coli through Inflammation Modulation and Gut Microbiota Regulation

“…On day 28, the mice were fasted for 7 h and euthanized by cervical dislocation after collecting blood from the orbit [27]. Blood samples were immediately placed in a centrifuge tube, placed in a water bath at 37 • C for 1-2 h, and then stored at 4 • C for 3-4 h. The blood clot was retracted and centrifuged at 3000× g for 15 min, and the serum was collected as the supernatant [28].…”