Both predation and feeding opportunities may explain changes in survival of Baltic salmon post-smolts

Mäntyniemi, Samu; Romakkaniemi, Atso; Dannewitz, Johan; Palm, Stefan; Pakarinen, Tapani; Pulkkinen, Hannele; Gårdmark, Anna; Karlsson, Olle

doi:10.1093/icesjms/fss088

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This hypothesis is supported by negative correlations between C. harengus abundance in the Norwegian Sea and S. salar survival (Mills, 2003). Mäntyniemi et al (2012) reported a similar negative relationship between C. harengus recruitment and S. salar post-smolt survival in the Baltic Sea. After the collapse of the NSSH in 1970, post-smolt growth was particularly good in the 1970s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Mäntyniemi et al . () reported a similar negative relationship between C. harengus recruitment and S. salar post‐smolt survival in the Baltic Sea. After the collapse of the NSSH in 1970, post‐smolt growth was particularly good in the 1970s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This appears not to agree with the general view that survival is closely associated with environmental temperature in fishes (Somero, ; Griffiths & Harrod, ). In this case, however, this effect may be small compared with other sources of mortality, such as predation (Hansen et al ., ; Mäntyniemi et al ., ). In addition, variation in age at maturity may have affected their survival, as many S. salar die after spawning (Jonsson et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental change influences the life history of salmonSalmo salarin the North Atlantic Ocean

Jönsson

Albretsen

2016

Journal of Fish Biology

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Annual mean total length (LT) of wild one-sea-winter (1SW) Atlantic salmon Salmo salar of the Norwegian River Imsa decreased from 63 to 54 cm with a corresponding decrease in condition factor (K) for cohorts migrating to sea from 1976 to 2010. The reduction in LT is associated with a 40% decline in mean individual mass, from 2 to 1·2 kg. Hatchery fish reared from parental fish of the same population exhibited similar changes from 1981 onwards. The decrease in LT correlated negatively with near-surface temperatures in the eastern Norwegian Sea, thought to be the main feeding area of the present stock. Furthermore, S. salar exhibited significant variations in the proportion of cohorts attaining maturity after only one winter in the ocean. The proportion of S. salar spawning as 1SW fish was lower both in the 1970s and after 2000 than in the 1980s and 1990s associated with a gradual decline in post-smolt growth and smaller amounts of reserve energy in the fish. In wild S. salar, there was a positive association between post-smolt growth and the sea survival back to the River Imsa for spawning. In addition, among smolt year-classes, there were significant positive correlations between wild and hatchery S. salar in LT, K and age at maturity. The present changes may be caused by ecosystem changes following the collapse and rebuilding of the pelagic fish abundance in the North Atlantic Ocean, a gradual decrease in zooplankton abundance and climate change with increasing surface temperature in the Norwegian Sea. Thus, the observed variation in the life-history traits of S. salar appears primarily associated with major changes in the pelagic food web in the ocean.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental change influences the life history of salmonSalmo salarin the North Atlantic Ocean

Jönsson

Albretsen

2016

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…In particular, the abundance or energy content of key pelagic crustaceans and small pelagic fishes, on which S. salar largely prey, may have declined (Beaugrand & Reid, 2012;Friedland et al, 2013;Mills et al, 2013;Miller et al, 2014). Recent stock rebuilding in some pelagic fishes competing for similar resources to S. salar may further amplify this process (Mäntyniemi et al, 2012;Jonsson et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for long‐term change in length, mass and migration phenology of anadromous spawners in French Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Bal

Montorio

Rivot

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Biology

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This study provides new data on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar life-history traits across France. Using a long-term recreational angling database (1987-2013) covering 34 rivers in three regions (genetic units), a decline in individual length, mass and a delayed adult return to French rivers was reported. Temporal similarities in trait variations between regions may be attributed to common change in environmental conditions at sea. The relative rate of change in phenotypic traits was more pronounced in early maturing fish [1 sea-winter (1SW) fish] than in late maturing fish (2SW fish). Such contrasted response within populations highlights the need to account for the diversity in life histories when exploring mechanisms of phenotypic change in S. salar. Such detailed life-history data on returning S. salar have not previously been reported from France. This study on French populations also contributes to reducing the gap in knowledge by providing further empirical evidence of a global pattern in S. salar across its distribution range. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that the observed changes in life-history traits are primarily associated with environmental changes in the North Atlantic Ocean. They also emphasize the presence of less important, but still significant contrasts between region and life history.

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“…Linking conspecific population dynamics to declining trends for focal salmonid populations has been documented in many systems (Cooney et al, 2001;Kallio-Nyberg, Jutila, Jokikokko, & Saloniemi, 2006;Kitchell et al, 2000;Mantyniemi et al, 2012;Thayer, Field, & Sydeman, 2014). Declines and fluctuations in abundance or recruitment of small pelagic fish communities have been implicated in observed decreases in survival and growth for salmonids across the Northern Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Oceans (Chaput & Benoit, 2012;Jonsson, Jonsson, & Albretsen, 2016;Thayer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How relative size and abundance structures the relationship between size and individual growth in an ontogenetically piscivorous fish

Chamberlin

Beckman

Greene

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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While individual growth ultimately reflects the quality and quantity of food resources, intra and interspecific interactions for these resources, as well as individual size, may have dramatic impacts on growth opportunity. Out‐migrating anadromous salmonids make rapid transitions between habitat types resulting in large pulses of individuals into a given location over a short period, which may have significant impact on demand for local resources. We evaluated the spatial and temporal variation in IGF‐1 concentrations (a proxy for growth rate) and the relationship between size and concentration for juvenile Chinook salmon in Puget Sound, WA, USA, as a function of the relative size and abundance of both Chinook salmon and Pacific herring, a species which commonly co‐occurs with salmonids in nearshore marine habitats. The abundance of Chinook salmon and Pacific herring varied substantially among the sub‐basins as function of outmigration timing and spawn timing, respectively, while size varied systematically and consistently for both species. Mean IGF‐1 concentrations were different among sub‐basins, although patterns were not consistent through time. In general, size was positively correlated with IGF‐1 concentration, although the slope of the relationship was considerably higher where Pacific herring were more abundant than Chinook salmon; specifically where smaller individual herring, relative to Chinook salmon, were more abundant. Where Pacific herring were less abundant than Chinook salmon, IGF‐1 concentrations among small and large Chinook salmon were more variable and showed no consistent increase for larger individuals. The noticeable positive effect of relative Pacific herring abundance on the relationship between size and individual growth rates likely represents a shift to predation based on increased IGF‐1 concentrations for individual Chinook salmon that are large enough to incorporate fish into their diet and co‐occur with the highest abundances of Pacific herring.

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Both predation and feeding opportunities may explain changes in survival of Baltic salmon post-smolts

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

Environmental change influences the life history of salmonSalmo salarin the North Atlantic Ocean

Environmental change influences the life history of salmonSalmo salarin the North Atlantic Ocean

Evidence for long‐term change in length, mass and migration phenology of anadromous spawners in French Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

How relative size and abundance structures the relationship between size and individual growth in an ontogenetically piscivorous fish

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