Both low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets reduce triglyceride concentration in subjects with multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome: a randomized crossover study

Fantino, Manon; Paquette, Martine; Blais, Chantal; Saint-Pierre, Nathalie; Bourque, Lucienne; Baass, Alexis; Bernard, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2022.02.001

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similarly, OTC impaired nutrients metabolism in Nile tilapia through various mechanisms [6]. Moreover, LFD reduced TG content in humans [54] and Nile tilapia adipose tissue [25]. The impaired nutrients metabolism in this study is ascribed to reduced feed utilization efficiency and nutrients digestibility and induced hepatotoxicity caused by feeding the fish with LFD with OTC, as reported previously in Nile tilapia [6,7,9].…”

Section: Growth Performancesupporting

confidence: 78%

Dietary low‐fat content supplemented with oxytetracycline impairs physiological functions in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

Limbu

2024

Animal Research and One Health

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Nutrition modulates the vulnerability of animals to xenobiotics insults including antibiotics in cultured fish. However, studies exploring the role of low‐fat diet (LFD) in modulating adverse effects of antibiotics are currently limited. This study explored the physiological effects of feeding LFD supplemented with oxytetracycline (OTC) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Thirty Nile tilapia (8.64 ± 0.44 g) were tagged and randomly stocked into three tanks and fed on a control diet (CD, 70 g/kg lipid), LFD (20 g/kg lipid) and the LFD supplemented with 2.00 g/kg diet of OTC (80 mg/kg body weight/day), hereafter LFD + OTC for 9 weeks. The results indicated that the Nile tilapia fed on LFD + OTC reduced growth performance and feed utilization efficiency than those fed on CD and LFD. Moreover, the fish fed on LFD + OTC had lower body composition, nutrients digestibility and mesenteric fat index than those fed on CD and LFD. Feeding the fish with LFD + OTC decreased antioxidant capacity in the liver than those fed on CD and LFD. The Nile tilapia fed on LFD + OTC increased hepatotoxicity than those fed on CD and LFD. Feeding the Nile tilapia on LFD + OTC decreased immunity response in the kidney and liver than those fed on CD and LFD. The LFD + OTC affected nutrients metabolism in the liver and serum than other diets. Taken together, feeding LFD with OTC impairs physiological functions of Nile tilapia by inhibiting growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity response and nutrient metabolism.

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Section: Growth Performancesupporting

confidence: 78%

Dietary low‐fat content supplemented with oxytetracycline impairs physiological functions in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

Limbu

2024

Animal Research and One Health

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“…Switching therapeutic drug classes to lipid-neutral categories and alcohol cessation can be practical tools to prevent the worsening of hypertriglyceridemia. Low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets, especially when monitored by specialized dieticians, have been shown to significantly decrease triglyceride levels by reducing the formation of triglyceride-rich chylomicrons and endogenous VLDL, respectively [ 18 ]. Fibrates can be used as pharmacotherapy in conjunction with non-pharmacologic measures to reduce triglyceride levels [ 7 ] further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Type V Hyperlipoproteinemia Resistant to Insulin Treatment

Mangeshkar¹,

Nazarenko²,

Varrias³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Type V hyperlipoproteinemia or multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome is a rare lipid disorder triggered mainly by uncontrolled diabetes, obesity, poor diet, or particular medications. It is associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis and accelerated coronary artery disease which may manifest in younger age groups. We present a case of a 42-year-old male who presented to the emergency department (ED) complaining of a non-healing hand injury. Upon laboratory workup, the patient was found to have an elevated total cholesterol (TC) of 1129 mg/dL, very low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG) > 4000 mg/dL with an inability to calculate low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Lipoprotein electrophoresis revealed an actual TG level of > 7000 mg/dL, increased chylomicrons, normal B and pre-Blipoproteins, and increased L-lipoproteins with an elevated Apolipoprotein B. Despite these derangements, the patient did not exhibit any abdominal complaints, demonstrating a normal lipase level. The physical exam was indicative of bilateral arcus senilis and obesity. Insulin drip was initiated along with intravenous (IV) hydration and it required 12 days to bring triglycerides down to less than 1000 mg/dL. The total cholesterol was also seen to be down trending to around 500 mg/dL and the HDL improved to 22 mg/dL. We present this case as a unique presentation of asymptomatic chylomicronemia resistant to insulin treatment with an elevated ApoB but with no evidence of pancreatitis or coronary artery disease.

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“…A low-fat diet should be used until triglycerides fall to less than 500 mg/dl, after which it can be liberalized [35]. Interestingly, a recent small study showed no difference between a low carbohydrate versus low fat diet in stable individuals with MFCS [36]. Weight loss for individuals with obesity and the metabolic syndrome will result in triglyceride lowering, although weight loss often is difficult to maintain long-term.…”

Section: Approach To the Management Of Patients With Multifactorial C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome

Chait

2023

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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Purpose of review The aim of this review was to understand the role of multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MFCS) as a cause of severe hypertriglyceridemia; to distinguish it from other causes of severe hypertriglyceridemia; and to provide a rational approach to treatment. Recent findings There have been advances in understanding the genetic underpinning of MFCS, and a better appreciation as to how to differentiate it from the much rarer familial chylomicronemia syndrome, in which there are substantial differences in the approach to their treatment. New approaches to triglyceride lowering will help reduce the risk of pancreatitis, the major complication of MFCS. Summary MCSF is a condition in which plasma triglyceride levels are severely elevated, usually to due exacerbation of common genetic forms of hypertriglyceridemia by secondary causes of hypertriglyceridemia and/or triglyceride-raising drugs. Triglyceride-induced pancreatitis can be prevented by markedly reducing triglyceride levels by treating secondary causes and/or eliminating of triglyceride-raising drugs, and by using triglyceride-lowering drugs, especially fibrates. MFCS also increases cardiovascular disease risk, for which lifestyle measures and drugs are required.

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Both low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets reduce triglyceride concentration in subjects with multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome: a randomized crossover study

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Dietary low‐fat content supplemented with oxytetracycline impairs physiological functions in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

Dietary low‐fat content supplemented with oxytetracycline impairs physiological functions in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

A Case of Type V Hyperlipoproteinemia Resistant to Insulin Treatment

Multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome

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