Botanical trash present in cotton before and after saw-type lint cleaning

Morey, Philip R.; Bethea, Robert M.; Wakelyn, Phillip J.; Kirk, I. W.; Kopetzky, Michael T.

doi:10.1080/0002889768507466

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…They show the reversal of the Ca/K ratio in the two plant parts, in agreement with data shown in Table 11. We studied hundreds of particles from each plant part with this SEM-EDX method to determine whether the calcium-potassium relationship could be used to index particles.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…, While many researchers have published data showing chemical composition, both organic and inorganic [3,5,6], of cotton dusts, few have reported success in the physical identification of the bulk of the respirable particles themselves. Morey and coworkers identified larger particles in cotton dust [8,9,10,11 and devised techniques for tracing plant parts through processing by using fluorescence microscopy [ 1,12]. This technique requires the addition of fluorescent stained plant parts to the cotton after it has been harvested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microelemental Analysis for Identifying Cotton-Related Dust Particles

Goynes

Berni

1982

Textile Research Journal

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Identification of components of cotton mill dust is a major problem in the search for the causative agent of the chronic lung disease, byssinosis. In the mechanical processes that produce respirable dusts, most of the particles lose all morphological features, making it difficult to determine their source. Workers have used the naturally occurring elemental content of the various cotton plant parts to show their presence in collected mill dusts. Elemental content of dust particles from known cotton plant parts was determined by electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analysis and by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Potassium and calcium content were used to differentiate leaf and bract materials from stem, seedcoat, and pericarp materials. Particles with elemental content patterns similar to these two groups were present in dust generated in a cotton cardroom. Cottonseed oil mill dusts showed fewer leaf-like particles but more mineral material.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microelemental Analysis for Identifying Cotton-Related Dust Particles

Goynes

Berni

1982

Textile Research Journal

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“…Dust rnay contain a constrictor which reacts directly with airway smooth (4). The effect appears to be more than a mechanical irritation effect and it does not appear to involve an antigen-antibody immunological response (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologic Activity of Purified Cotton Bract Extracts in Man and Guinea Pig

Buck¹,

Schachter²,

Fick³

et al. 1986

Environmental Health Perspectives

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) andBrogan & Partners are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Environmental Health Perspectives.Purified aqueous extracts of cotton bract induce acute airway constriction in healthy volunteers never before exposed to cotton bract. The response is similar to that of textile workers who inhale cotton dust. Approximately 60% of volunteers respond to bract extract with significant decreases in lung function, and these volunteers show an increased number of lymphocytes present in their lungs. Following inhalation of bract, the percent of polymorphonuclear leukocytes increases. Macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from volunteers pre-challenged with bract extract release increased amounts of chemotactic factor and superoxide anion. Efforts to detect release of histamine and leukotrienes in volunteers following challenge with bract show no increase in urinary histamine and no significant release of leukotrienes in lung lavage fluid. Purified extracts exhibit chemotactic activity in vitro. They also contract guinea pig ileal longitudinal muscle in vitro. This preparation contains mast cells but no basophils, and the H-l blocker, mepyramine blocks the contraction.Purified bract extracts contain no histamine or endotoxin but other contractors of smooth muscle may be present. The purified extract exhibits spectral, fluorescent, and radioimmune assay properties similar to a leukotriene B-like component. Cotton bract appears to have direct as well as ceilmediated activities.

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“…We have utilized extracts of cotton bracts (CBE) in our studies, since bract extracts evoke bronchoconstriction in humans (2,3) and since the principal contaminant in mill dust is derived from the bracts (16). As a starting point for our longterm studies, we have intentionally not purified the CBE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Species Differences in the Effects of a Water Extract of Cotton Bract on Isolated Airway Smooth Muscle, and Effects of E. coli Lipopolysaccharide

Fedan¹,

Robinson²,

Hay³

et al. 1986

Environmental Health Perspectives

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and Brogan & Partners are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Environmental Health Perspectives. Our laboratory has been comparing the activity of a water extract of cotton bract (CBE) with the isolated trachealis smooth muscle of the dog, guinea pig, and eat. CBE induced contractions that were not mediated by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), histamine, or muscarinic receptors. The active agent(s) in CBE was dialyzable (< 14,000 molecular weight), and substantial activity was retained after low-temperature ashing. CBE potentiated contractions of dog trachealis to histamine and 5-HT and relaxation responses to isopro? terenol, whereas it had no effect on responses to methacholine and KC1. In the guinea pig trachealis, CBE reduced responsiveness to KC1, potentiated relaxations to adenosine and ATP, and did not alter the responses to the remaining agents. Responses of eat trachealis to KC1 and isoproterenol were potentiated by CBE, while those to 5-HT were unaffected. Neurogenic cholinergic contractile responses were potentiated by CBE in the trachealis of the dog, but not of the guinea pig, while neurogenic relaxations were potentiated by CBE in guinea pig trachealis but not in the dog trachealis. There are thus marked species differences in the acute effects of CBE on airway smooth muscle. Due to recent interest in the possible involvement of bacterial endotoxins in the etiology of byssinosis, we examined the effects of E. coU lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in guinea pig trachealis. An initial examination revealed that LPS potentiated responses to histamine, but not those to methacholine and isoproterenol. This effect vanished upon a second appraisal with a different batch of LPS. The effect of LPS in airway smooth muscle is thus, at present, equivocal.

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Botanical trash present in cotton before and after saw-type lint cleaning

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Microelemental Analysis for Identifying Cotton-Related Dust Particles

Microelemental Analysis for Identifying Cotton-Related Dust Particles

Biologic Activity of Purified Cotton Bract Extracts in Man and Guinea Pig

An Overview of Species Differences in the Effects of a Water Extract of Cotton Bract on Isolated Airway Smooth Muscle, and Effects of E. coli Lipopolysaccharide

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