Botanical Nematicides: A Review

Abstract

Despite the uselfuness of nematicidal compounds in agricultural practices, some serious concerns are raised today about their excessive use leading to enhancement of biodegradation mechanisms in soil expressed as lack of efficacy under field conditions and resistance development. Moreover, the phase-out of methyl bromide has led to the need for a valid alternative to organophosporous and carbamate compounds, such us fosthiazate, fenamiphos, oxamyl, and aldicarb. In the past years, intregated pest management strategies have been practised worldwide to maximize crop production while maintaining and contributing to agriculture sustainability. Biopesticides and specifically bionematicides constitute a desirable component of pest management technology and practices. Particularly, in the frame of our ongoing research on natural nematicides of botanical origin, we have reviewed the international bibliography for candidate nematicidal compounds. We report herein the nematicidal activity of plant metabolites on the basis of their chemical characteristics and structure.

Isolation of nematicidal constituents from essential oil of <i>Kaempferia galanga</i> L rhizome and their activity against <i>Heterodera avenae</i> Wollenweber

“…Control of plant nematodes has been provided principally by soil applications of conventional contact nematicides (carbamates and organophosphates) or fumigants [2]. Increasing public concern for the environmental effects of pesticides, groundwater contamination, human health effects and undesirable effects on non-target organisms [3,4] becomes more critical on continued applications of conventional nematicides.…”

“…Essential oils and their constituents may provide an alternative to currently used nematicides/ fumigants to control plant nematodes because they are often of low mammalian toxicity, readily biodegradable and possess low danger to the environment if used in small amounts [3,4]. Many plant constituents and metabolites including essential oils have been investigated for activity against plant-parasitic nematodes [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Synthetic acylsugars and their effects on the control of arthropod pests

“…The main form of control in the short term for both pests is the use of pesticides, but this presents some problems such as high cost, toxicity to humans, the environment, wild life, and beneficial organisms in the soil, and in some cases, a low efficiency is observed (Ntalli;Caboni, 2012). Thus, new products have been studied for the control of arthropod pests.…”

Biocide plants as a sustainable tool for the control of pests and pathogens in vegetable cropping systems

“…A large number of plant species have been already reported to contain metabolites with nematicidal activity and new nematicidal plantderived compounds are discovered year by year (D'Addabbo et al, 2009;Ntalli and Caboni, 2012;Avato et al, 2013) (Figure 2). …”