BOS Vessel Vibration Measurement for Foam Level Detection

Brämming, Mats; Millman, Stuart; Overbosch, A.; Kapilashrami, Abha; Malmberg, Donald; Björkman, Bo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.51.71

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The SSAB EMEA BOS plant in Luleå includes two LD‐LBE converters. An overview of the BOS vessel vibration and audio measurement set‐up is given in Figure 1, which also shows the existing slopping registration system 12.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigation into and the subsequent development of BOS vessel vibration measurement and signal analysis for foam height estimation was carried out at SSAB EMEA's semi‐integrated steel plant in Luleå 12.…”

Section: Vessel Vibration Theory and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main conclusions drawn from newly conducted trials on the 130 tonne BOS vessels at Luleå are, that 12: optimum position of the vibration sensor is directly on the trunnion pin on the gearbox side of vessel; best correlation with foam height is obtained with the vibration in the vessel horizontal direction, especially perpendicular to the trunnion axis; as the resonance, and hence the filtering properties of the mechanical structure, will vary between vessels so will the optimum frequency band for foam height estimation, but it will remain constant for individual vessels as long as no major design change is made; the correlation between vibration and foam height was found to be sufficiently good that development of a dynamic foam level and slopping control system based on vibration is considered to be worthwhile. …”

Section: Vessel Vibration Theory and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison Between Vessel Vibration and Audiometry for Slopping Control in the Top‐Blown BOS Process

Brämming

Parker

Millman³

et al. 2011

steel research int.

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Excess slag foam growth is a frequent problem in the BOS process. In the worst case, foam is forced out of the vessel and this phenomenon, commonly called slopping, not only results in loss of valuable metal yield but also in equipment damage and lost production time. In order to minimize slopping, accurate estimation of the foam level inside the vessel is an important part of BOS process control. In the top blown BOS vessel, slopping control is achieved using both static and dynamic measures. The most common implemented technique for dynamic foam height estimation and slopping control is the audiometer system. An alternative method, vessel vibration monitoring, has been investigated as part of the work in a RFCS funded research project called IMPHOS. In order to judge the usefulness of this method, parallel vibration and audio measurements have been carried out on 130 tonne as well as on 300 tonne BOS vessels. The results show that during stable process conditions there is good agreement between the two methods with regard to foam height estimation and, as vessel vibration and audiometry are largely independent of each other, a combination of the two is likely to increase significantly the accuracy of slopping prediction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vessel Vibration Theory and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vessel Vibration Theory and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison Between Vessel Vibration and Audiometry for Slopping Control in the Top‐Blown BOS Process

Brämming

Parker

Millman³

et al. 2011

steel research int.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…However, as the service life is only about 2 years and the total cost is in excess of $100 000, this technique has not been widely accepted by the steel maker. In contrast, the technique based on the vibration frequency response of the device 10,11) is extremely affordable. However, the resolution of this technique cannot meet the accuracy requirement of the tundish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten Steel Level Measurement Based on Temperature Attenuation Characteristic

Xie

2016

ISIJ Int.

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This paper proposes a molten steel level measuring method in a tundish. This method is based on the temperature attenuation characteristic of the temperature tube. Our previous work focused on the temperature distribution of the temperature tube which can be used for molten steel level measurement. In some continuous casters, sticky slag adheres to the tube, thus, blocking the temperature information on the tube. To avoid this problem of lacking true temperature, we analyzed the principle of adhesion and conclude that the adhesive slag thickness of the tube is influenced by whether that part of the tube contacts the slag or the molten steel prior to being lifted. Consequently, for detecting the adhesive slag thickness online with available pyrometer, a heat transfer model is established. Through analysis of the model, it was revealed that the thickness of the adhesive slag remarkably influences the measurable maximum curvature time of the temperature attenuation. In addition, this maximum curvature time is insensitive to other irrelevant factors such as initial temperature and ambient temperature. Therefore, the maximum curvature time of the temperature attenuation of the adhesive slag indirectly indicates the molten steel level. Finally, the experiments prove the feasibility and the sound accuracy of this method with the maximal error being 3 mm. This method is not only suited for the molten steel level measurement, but also applicable to other non-destructive measurement of coating layer thickness.

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“…The work toward minimizing slopping at the SSAB BOF plant in Luleå began with the installation of a slopping registration system based on image analysis, facilitating a subsequent study into the most common slopping causes . As the BOF plant lacked any means for foam height estimation, work was also initiated to develop a system utilizing vessel vibration for foam level estimation . For comparison, a temporary audiometry system was set up …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BOF Process Control and Slopping Prediction Based on Multivariate Data Analysis

Brämming¹,

Björkman

Samuelsson

2015

steel research int.

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In a complex industrial batch processes such as the top‐blown BOF steelmaking process, it is a complicated task to monitor and act on the progress of several important control parameters in order to avoid an undesired process event such as “slopping” and to secure a successful batch completion such as a sufficiently low steel phosphorous content. It would, therefore, be of much help to have an automated tool, which simultaneously can interpret a large number of process variables, with the function to warn of any imminent deviation from the normal batch evolution and to predict the batch end result. One way to compute, interpret, and visualize this “batch evolution” is to apply multivariate data analysis (MVDA). At SSAB Europe's steel plant in Luleå, new BOF process control devices are installed with the purpose to investigate the possibility for developing a dynamic system for slopping prediction. A main feature of this system is steelmaking vessel vibration measurements and audiometry to estimate foam height. This paper describes and discusses the usefulness of the MVDA approach for static and dynamic slopping prediction, as well as for end‐of‐blow phosphorous content prediction.

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BOS Vessel Vibration Measurement for Foam Level Detection

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Comparison Between Vessel Vibration and Audiometry for Slopping Control in the Top‐Blown BOS Process

Comparison Between Vessel Vibration and Audiometry for Slopping Control in the Top‐Blown BOS Process

Molten Steel Level Measurement Based on Temperature Attenuation Characteristic

BOF Process Control and Slopping Prediction Based on Multivariate Data Analysis

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