Borrelia lanei sp. nov. extends the diversity of Borrelia species in California

Margos, Gabriele; Fedorova, Natalia; Kleinjan, J. E.; Hartberger, C; Schwan, Tom G.; Sing, Andreas; Fingerle, Volker

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.002214

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Worldwide, the Bbsl complex consists of at least 23 genospecies. In Canada, six genospecies have been detected in ixodid ticks, and these genospecies comprise: B. americana [ 7 , 8 ], B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss) [ 9 , 10 ], B. kurtenbachii [ 11 ], B. lanei (formerly Borrelia genospecies 2) [ 12 , 13 ], B. garinii [ 9 , 14 ], and B. bissettiae (formerly B. bissettii ) [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far-Reaching Dispersal of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato-Infected Blacklegged Ticks by Migratory Songbirds in Canada

et al. 2018

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Lyme disease has been documented in northern areas of Canada, but the source of the etiological bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) has been in doubt. We collected 87 ticks from 44 songbirds during 2017, and 24 (39%) of 62 nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, were positive for Bbsl. We provide the first report of Bbsl-infected, songbird-transported I. scapularis in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia; Newfoundland and Labrador; north-central Manitoba, and Alberta. Notably, we report the northernmost account of Bbsl-infected ticks parasitizing a bird in Canada. DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing reveal that these Bbsl amplicons belong to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss), which is pathogenic to humans. Based on our findings, health-care providers should be aware that migratory songbirds widely disperse B. burgdorferi-infected I. scapularis in Canada’s North, and local residents do not have to visit an endemic area to contract Lyme disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Far-Reaching Dispersal of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato-Infected Blacklegged Ticks by Migratory Songbirds in Canada

et al. 2018

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“…For the LB species, several mammals (mainly rodents and the white-tailed deer) have also been shown to be hosts in Mexico, in which only three Borrelia species have been reported. This low number contrasts with the number of species reported in countries endemic for Borrelia , such the USA, where nine species of the LB group have been reported [ 5 , 17 , 67 , 104 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…This bacterial genus comprises various spirochetal Gram-negative species that are divided into four phylogenetic groups: reptile-associated Borrelia (REP), monotreme-associated Borrelia (MAB), relapsing fever (RF) and Lyme-borreliosis (LB) [ 4 – 6 ]. The pathogenic species for humans of this bacterial genus are found only in the RF and LB groups [ 2 , 5 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections

et al. 2020

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Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever are considered emerging and re-emerging diseases that cause major public health problems in endemic countries. Epidemiology and geographical distribution of these diseases are documented in the US and in Europe, yet in Mexico, studies are scarce and scattered. The aims of this study were (1) to present the first confirmatory evidence of an endemic case of Lyme disease in Mexico and (2) to analyze the epidemiological trend of these both diseases by compiling all the information published on Borrelia in Mexico. Two databases were compiled, one of human cases and another of wild and domestic animals in the country. The analysis included the evaluation of risk factors for the human population, the diversity of Borrelia species and their geographic distribution. Six Borrelia species were reported in a total of 1,347 reports, of which 398 were of humans. Women and children from rural communities were shown to be more susceptible for both Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever. The remaining reports were made in diverse mammalian species and ticks. A total of 17 mammalian species and 14 tick species were recorded as hosts for this bacterial genus. It is noteworthy that records of Borrelia were only made in 18 of the 32 states, mainly in northern and central Mexico. These results highlight the importance of performing further studies in areas where animal cases have been reported, yet no human studies have been done, in order to complete the epidemiological panorama for Lyme borreliosis and Relapsing fever. Finally, the search for Borrelia infections in other vertebrates, such as reptiles and amphibians is recommended to gain a more accurate view of Borrelia species and their distribution. The geographical approach presented herein justifies an intense sampling effort to improve epidemiological knowledge of these diseases to aid vector control and prevention programs.

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“…In Europe, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii and Bbss cause the majority of cases [32]. Additional Bbsl species are known to cause Lyme-like illnesses but the pathogenic capabilities of other Bbsl species have not been fully characterized [43,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Please see Appendix A for a list of identified Bbsl species and their status as a human pathogen.…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Lyme Disease: An Evidence-Based Definition by the ILADS Working Group

Shor

Green

Szantyr³

et al. 2019

Antibiotics

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Objective: Chronic Lyme disease has been a poorly defined term and often dismissed as a fictitious entity. In this paper, the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society (ILADS) provides its evidence-based definition of chronic Lyme disease. Definition: ILADS defines chronic Lyme disease (CLD) as a multisystem illness with a wide range of symptoms and/or signs that are either continuously or intermittently present for a minimum of six months. The illness is the result of an active and ongoing infection by any of several pathogenic members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex (Bbsl). The infection has variable latency periods and signs and symptoms may wax, wane and migrate. CLD has two subcategories, CLD, untreated (CLD-U) and CLD, previously treated (CLD-PT). The latter requires that CLD manifestations persist or recur following treatment and are present continuously or in a relapsing/remitting pattern for a duration of six months or more. Methods: Systematic review of over 250 peer reviewed papers in the international literature to characterize the clinical spectrum of CLD-U and CLD-PT. Conclusion: This evidence-based definition of chronic Lyme disease clarifies the term’s meaning and the literature review validates that chronic and ongoing Bbsl infections can result in chronic disease. Use of this CLD definition will promote a better understanding of the infection and facilitate future research of this infection.

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Borrelia lanei sp. nov. extends the diversity of Borrelia species in California

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Far-Reaching Dispersal of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato-Infected Blacklegged Ticks by Migratory Songbirds in Canada

Far-Reaching Dispersal of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato-Infected Blacklegged Ticks by Migratory Songbirds in Canada

Lyme disease and relapsing fever in Mexico: An overview of human and wildlife infections

Chronic Lyme Disease: An Evidence-Based Definition by the ILADS Working Group

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