Borontrimethyl B(CH3)3 — A less hazardous substance for boronization

Winter, J.; Esser, H.G.; Reimer, H.; Grobusch, L.; Seggern, J. von; Wienhold, P.

doi:10.1016/0022-3115(90)90094-4

Cited by 56 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Diborane, in particular, needs special handling due to its explosive and toxic properties, but boronization using the less hazardous compound, trimethyl boron (TMB), B(CH 3 ) 3 was found to have similar effects [5,6,7]. A comparison of TMB and decaborane on Phaedrus-T showed three times lower core oxygen for TMB and about 40% higher edge carbon (CII) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Boronization on Ohmic Plasmas in NSTX

Skinner¹,

Kugel²,

Maingi³

et al. 2001

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Abstract:Boronization of the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has enabled access to higher density, higher confinement plasmas. A glow discharge with 4 mTorr helium and 10% deuterated trimethyl boron deposited 1.7 g of boron on the plasma facing surfaces. Ion beam analysis of witness coupons showed a B+C areal density of 10 18 (B+C) cm -2 corresponding to a film thickness of 100 nm. Subsequent ohmic discharges showed oxygen emission lines reduced by x15, carbon emission reduced by two and copper reduced to undetectable levels. After boronization, the plasma current flattop time increased by 70% enabling access to higher density, higher confinement plasmas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Boronization on Ohmic Plasmas in NSTX

Skinner¹,

Kugel²,

Maingi³

et al. 2001

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“…They generally require lower deposition temperatures. The disadvantages of single source precursors are, however, that they tend to have lower vapor pressure than multiple source precursors for individual elements, so that the delivery processes and deposition speed are slower [44][45]; their individual elements ratio are predetermined and less tunable than multiple source precursors, resulting normally narrower range for the stoichiometry [46].…”

Section: Single Source Precursorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CVD Chemistry of Organoborons for Boron-Carbon Thin Film Depositions

Imam¹

2017

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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“…This procedure proved to have significant beneficial effects but the difficulty with it was that diborane is extremely hazardous. TMB was previously used on machines such as TEXTOR and COMPASS with results similar to that of diborane [1,4], and improved plasma performance by lowering z eff , resistivity and radiated power. In addition, the recent commercial availability of deuterated TMB was an important consideration.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impurity gases and recycling affect the density, confinement time and effective charge (Z eff ) of plasmas. A number of wall conditioning techniques and materials have been utilized over the years to control impurities including coating the interior of vacuum vessels with boron compounds [1]. One of these compounds, deuterated diborane (B 2 D 6 ), was used to condition the interior of TFTR [2,3] and had a beneficial effect on the performance of the machine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difficulty with diborane is that it is an extremely hazardous gas and significant measures were taken to mitigate its toxic and flammable properties. Trimethylboron (TMB) [B(CD 3 ) 3 ] is a much less hazardous gas than diborane and it was used successfully on other machines [1,4]. Therefore TMB appeared to be a good candidate for conditioning the interior of NSTX (National Spherical Torus Experiment) using a glow discharge cleaning (GDC) procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boronization on NSTX using deuterated trimethylboron

Blanchard

Gernhardt

Kugel

et al.

Proceedings of the 19th IEEE/IPSS Symposium on Fusion Engineering. 19th SOFE (Cat. No.02CH37231)

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Abstract--Boronization on the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) has proved to be quite beneficial with increases in confinement and density and decreases in impurities observed in the plasma. The boron has been applied to the interior surfaces of NSTX, about every 2 to 3 weeks of plasma operation, by producing a glow discharge in the vacuum vessel using deuterated trimethylboron (TMB) in a 10% mixture with helium. Special NSTX requirements restricted the selection of the candidate boronization method to the use of deuterated boron compounds.Deuterated TMB met these requirements but is a hazardous gas and special care in the execution of the boronization process is required. This paper describes the existing GDC, Gas Injection, and Torus Vacuum Pumping System hardware used for this process, the glow discharge process, and the automated control system that allows for remote operation to maximize both the safety and efficacy of applying the boron coating. The administrative requirements and the detailed procedure for the setup, operation and shutdown of the process are also described.

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Borontrimethyl B(CH3)3 — A less hazardous substance for boronization

Cited by 56 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of Boronization on Ohmic Plasmas in NSTX

Effect of Boronization on Ohmic Plasmas in NSTX

CVD Chemistry of Organoborons for Boron-Carbon Thin Film Depositions

Boronization on NSTX using deuterated trimethylboron

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