The occurrence of pharmaceutical pollutants in the environment is a mounting concern due to their detrimental effects on living organisms, including humans. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a regularly used antibiotic detected in wastewater and surface water. Therefore, developing effective, sustainable strategies for its elimination is paramount. Photocatalysis is an efficient approach that has been widely recommended for the removal of CIP from water. However, improved photocatalyst performance, stability, and activation in abundant visible light are essential for better photocatalyst systems. In this study, a novel boron oxide decorated nitrogen‐rich reduced graphene oxide (B2O3/N‐rGO) nanocomposite was prepared and characterized for its photocatalytic performance towards CIP degradation. The B2O3/N‐rGO nanocomposites were in‐situ synthesized via the wet chemical route, and the morphology and structural properties of nanocomposites were extensively characterized. The results showed that the B2O3/N‐rGO nanocomposite demonstrated significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance (98%/3h) compared to N‐rGO and pure B2O3 towards the degradation of CIP under visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was attributed to the synergistic benefit of the B2O3 and N‐rGO, which improved light absorption, charge separation efficiency, adsorption sites and delayed electron‐hole recombination. In summary, the synthesized B2O3/N‐rGO nanocomposite photocatalyst can potentially be applied for various environmental remediation and energy‐related applications.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.