Boron doped C3N5 for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation to ammonia: The key role of boron in nitrogen activation and mechanism

In Situ Coupling Carbon Defective C3N5 Nanosheet with Ag2CO3 for Effective Degradation of Methylene Blue and Tetracycline Hydrochloride

“…Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the surface functional groups and molecular structures of the samples ( Figure 4 a). For g-C 3 N 5 , broad peaks in the range of 2750 to 3500 cm −1 are attributed to residual -NH 2 groups on the catalyst surface or -OH bond stretching vibration of adsorbed water molecules [ 25 ]. The peaks at 1639 and 1240 cm −1 are associated with the stretching vibrations of C=N and C-N bonds, respectively [ 23 ].…”

“…Figure S2 show the XPS measurement spectra of the CNAC-10 composites, where the dominant peaks of four elements, C, N, Ag, and O, can be clearly observed. In terms of the high-resolution XPS analysis of C 1s ( Figure 5 a), the peaks at 284.4, 286.2, 287.6, 288.6, and 293.1 eV are assigned to the sp 3 hybridized carbon of the indeterminate carbon skeleton in n-C 3 N 5 , the C-NH group in the triazine structure, the aromatic sp 2 hybridized N=C–N group constituting CN structure groups, C=O bonds in Ag 2 CO 3 nanoparticles, and π-electron delocalization domains in C-N heterocycles, respectively [ 23 , 25 , 31 , 50 , 51 ]. From Figure 5 b, three peaks located at 398.4, 400.2, and 403.9 eV can be observed in the N 1s spectrum after deconvolution.…”

“…Compared to g-C 3 N 4 ( Eg = 2.7 eV), widely reported previously, g-C 3 N 5 , as a novel carbon nitride material, exhibits superior photocatalytic activity due to more nitrogen-rich groups being introduced into triazole units. These nitrogen-rich groups change the C/N ratio in the molecular structure and expand the original π–π conjugation framework, resulting in a narrower optical band gap and more abundant electron sites in g-C 3 N 5 [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. However, similarly to other single semiconductors used in photocatalysis, the application of unmodified g-C 3 N 5 is still constrained by factors such as the high complexation rate of photogenerated carriers and small specific surface area.…”

“…However, similarly to other single semiconductors used in photocatalysis, the application of unmodified g-C 3 N 5 is still constrained by factors such as the high complexation rate of photogenerated carriers and small specific surface area. To address these shortcomings, many researchers have reported various g-C 3 N 5 modification methods, such as surface structure modification [ 22 , 28 ], modulation of energy band structure [ 29 ], elemental doping [ 25 ], and heterojunction construction [ 30 , 31 ]. Among these modification strategies, coupling with other semiconductors to form heterojunction can effectively improve the performance of photocatalysts [ 32 ].…”

Structural design and control of photocatalytic nitrogen-fixing catalysts

“…Common non-metallic elements are B, N, P, S, Br, and so on. 40,99,100 In the work of Li et al, 101 B-doped g-C 3 N 5 was obtained by roasting, which achieved an ammonia yield of 421.18 mmol g À1 h À1 . B-C 3 N 5 presents a porous layered structure (Fig.…”