Boron bridging of rhamnogalacturonan‐II is promoted <i>in vitro</i> by cationic chaperones, including polyhistidine and wall glycoproteins

Chormova, Dimitra; Fry, Stephen C.

doi:10.1111/nph.13596

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Borate forms ester bonds between apiose residues of rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) monomers, thus contributing to the cell wall's architecture and function. Generally, monocotyledonous plants contain less pectin in their cell walls than dicotyledonous plants; therefore, they have comparatively lower boron requirements and lower tolerance to excess boron [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Roles Of Boron In Plant Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron Toxicity and Deficiency in Agricultural Plants

Brdar-Jokanović

2020

IJMS

262

119

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Boron is an essential plant micronutrient taken up via the roots mostly in the form of boric acid. Its important role in plant metabolism involves the stabilization of molecules with cis-diol groups. The element is involved in the cell wall and membrane structure and functioning; therefore, it participates in numerous ion, metabolite, and hormone transport reactions. Boron has an extremely narrow range between deficiency and toxicity, and inadequate boron supply exhibits a detrimental effect on the yield of agricultural plants. The deficiency problem can be solved by fertilization, whereas soil boron toxicity can be ameliorated using various procedures; however, these approaches are costly and time-consuming, and they often show temporary effects. Plant species, as well as the genotypes within the species, dramatically differ in terms of boron requirements; thus, the available soil boron which is deficient for one crop may exhibit toxic effects on another. The widely documented intraspecies genetic variability regarding boron utilization efficiency and toxicity tolerance, together with the knowledge of the physiology and genetics of boron, should result in the development of efficient and tolerant varieties that may represent a long-term sustainable solution for the problem of inadequate or excess boron supply.

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Section: Roles Of Boron In Plant Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron Toxicity and Deficiency in Agricultural Plants

Brdar-Jokanović

2020

IJMS

262

119

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“…RGII domains are highly negatively charged (thus mutually repulsive) and the formation of crosslinks between them via borate bridges is strongly enhanced by cationic ‘chaperones’ e.g. extensins (Chormova & Fry, ). Substitution of l ‐fuc with l ‐gal in RGII results in a lower proportion of full‐length side chains, which reduces the opportunities for dimerization (O'Neill et al , ; Pabst et al , ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MUR1‐mediated cell‐wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2019

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Forward genetic screens play a key role in the identification of genes contributing to plant stress tolerance. Using a screen for freezing sensitivity, we have identified a novel freezing tolerance gene, SENSITIVE-TO-FREEZING8, in Arabidopsis thaliana.We identified SFR8 using recombination-based mapping and whole-genome sequencing. As SFR8 was predicted to have an effect on cell wall composition, we used GC-MS and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to measure cell-wall fucose and boron (B)-dependent dimerization of the cell-wall pectic domain rhamnogalacturonan II (RGII) in planta. After treatments to promote borate-bridging of RGII, we assessed freeze-induced damage in wild-type and sfr8 plants by measuring electrolyte leakage from freeze-thawed leaf discs.We mapped the sfr8 mutation to MUR1, a gene encoding the fucose biosynthetic enzyme GDP-D-mannose-4,6-dehydratase. sfr8 cell walls exhibited low cell-wall fucose levels and reduced RGII bridging. Freezing sensitivity of sfr8 mutants was ameliorated by B supplementation, which can restore RGII dimerization. B transport mutants with reduced RGII dimerization were also freezing-sensitive.Our research identifies a role for the structure and composition of the plant primary cell wall in determining basal plant freezing tolerance and highlights the specific importance of fucosylation, most likely through its effect on the ability of RGII pectin to dimerize. † We dedicate this paper to the memory of our colleague Ian Cummins who passed away during the preparation of this manuscript.

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“…Extensin-like and Germin-like-genes are expressed in an organ-specific fashion and stress-related proteins in plants. Extensins are implicated in different biological processes such as embryonic development [20], root hair growth [21,22], cell wall assembly and structure [23,24], and biotic and abiotic stress responses [18,25,26]. Increased extensin accumulation and extensin cross-linking has been suggested to help in wound recovery and in the formation of a physical barrier against pathogens, thus avoiding the entry of pathogens into the vascular system [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative mRNA Expression Profiles of Germin-Like and Extensin-Like Proteins under Drought Stress in Triticum aestivum

Keskin

2019

International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology

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Drought stress can severaly damage plant growth and the most important factor in the reduction of wheat yield in cultivated areas. Development of new methodologies to improve wheat productivity and quality under drought conditions have a primary importance. Extensin-like (TaExtLP) and Germin-like Protein (TaGLP) transcripts were selected from our RNAseq data for their relation with defense mechanism. We aim to show the expression patterns of these genes in drought tolerant (Gerek 79 and Müfitbey) and non-tolerant T. aestivum (Atay) cultivars under drought stress conditions using qRT-PCR technique. Extensin is the most abundant proteins present in the cell wall of higher plants and has an important role in plant defense through strengthening the cell wall and preventing tissue damage. GLPs are involve in different biological processes; e.g., disease resistance and superoxide scavenging metabolism. We established different mRNA expression regulation of Extensin like and Germin-like mRNAs in root and leaf tissues of tolerant and non-tolerant T. aestivum cultivars under drought stress. We observed GLP transcript was significantly up-regulated (5 fold) in 4 h drought-stressed root tissues of tolerant cultivar Gerek and then decreased in 8 h. On the other hand, there was no dramatic difference in leaf tissue of each cultivar. Extensin-like gene up-regulation was approximately 6 and 3.5 fold in 4 h stressed root tissues of tolerant cultivars. In leaf tissues, different expression pattern was observed in tolerant and non-tolerant cultivars. Drought stress caused to up-regulation (4 fold) in 4 h stressed leaf tissues of tolerant cultivar. On the contrary, down-regulation (4 fold) was identified in non-tolerant stressed leaf tissues. These results suggest that overexpression of Extensin-like gene under drought stress conditions may enhance drought tolerance. The qRT-PCR results from root and leaf tissues from 3 different cultivars were in agreement with our previous RNAseq data. This is the first report shows the expression profiles of these defense proteins under drought stress conditions in T. aestivum.

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Boron bridging of rhamnogalacturonan‐II is promoted in vitro by cationic chaperones, including polyhistidine and wall glycoproteins

Cited by 43 publications

References 52 publications

Boron Toxicity and Deficiency in Agricultural Plants

Boron Toxicity and Deficiency in Agricultural Plants

MUR1‐mediated cell‐wall fucosylation is required for freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Quantitative mRNA Expression Profiles of Germin-Like and Extensin-Like Proteins under Drought Stress in Triticum aestivum

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