Boron and phosphorus doped glassy carbon: I. Surface properties

Activated carbon fibers with a high content of surface functional groups by phosphoric acid activation of PPTA

“…Finally, peak C (133.9-134.9 eV) can be assigned to phosphorous oxide P 2 O 5 . The presence of elemental phosphorus has been reported in carbons chemically activated with phosphoric acid even at temperatures as high as 900-1000°C [17,30], however, in the present study there is no trace of a contribution of elemental phosphorus to the P 2p peak.…”

“…The influence of phosphoric acid on the surface chemistry of the resulting carbons is very clear. A sharp CO peak at high temperatures (>600°C) can be assigned to carbonyl, quinone and/or ether oxygenated species [30,31]. The amount of these surface groups considerably increases following impregnation with phosphoric acid up to X P = 100 wt.%, as can be seen in Fig.…”

“…This is followed by a shoulder extending to 740°C (with a maximum at $600°C), indicative of the presence of carboxyl anhydrides and/or lactone groups. On the other hand, even when an amount of phosphoric acid as low as 5 wt.% is used in the preparation of the ACFs the TPD spectra clearly differ from that for pristine PPTA: the evolution of CO 2 at low temperatures decreases and another peak develops between 600 and 900°C (with maxima at 740 and 820°C), which can be assigned to carboxyl anhydride groups [30]. In the same temperature range (600-900°C), CO evolution is maximal (peak at 840°C), which is indicative of the presence of carboxyl anhydrides (this species is known to produce both CO and CO 2 peaks).…”

PEDOT-PSSA as an alternative support for Pt electrodes in PEFCs

“…Accordingly, efforts are being expended to mitigate carbon corrosion through its modification, viz. by its graphitization, boron and phosphorous doping of carbon, and by use of carbon nanotubes, carbon aerogels and mesoporous carbon (McBreen et al 1981;Durkic et al 1997;Serp et al 2003;Selvarani et al 2007;Sahu et al 2009).…”

Application of Boron Oxide as a Protective Surface Treatment to Decrease the Air Reactivity of Carbon Anodes

“…The oxidation inhibition is achieved by doping carbon with phosphorus and boron [14,15]. However, phosphorus is prohibited in the electrolysis bath due to its negative effect on the current efficiency, thus leaving only boron doping as a suitable strategy.…”