Boring Microorganisms and Microborings in Carbonate Substrates

Golubić, Stjepko; Perkins, Ronald D.; Lukas, Karen J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65923-2_12

Cited by 251 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Light irradiance in relation to water depth is a main factor influencing the distribution of photoautotrophic biota and their contribution to carbonate accretion by crustose algae, and carbonate degradation by endolithic chlorophytes and cyanobacteria (Schlager, 2003(Schlager, , 2005Golubic et al, 1975). The scheme of the photic zonation distinguishes a euphotic, a dysphotic, and an aphotic zone.…”

Section: Light Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hoskin et al, 1986;Hassan, 1998;Vogel et al, 1996Vogel et al, , 2000see Wisshak, 2006 for a review) as well as qualitative assessments of bioeroding communities (e.g. Golubic et al, 1975;Zeff and Perkins, 1979;Budd and Perkins, 1980;Wisshak et al, 2005). Light also governs the differential bioerosion rates of the directly illuminated up-facing orientation compared to the shaded down-facing substrates.…”

Section: Carbonate Bioerosion and Accretion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Wisshak¹,

Form

Jakobsen³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The rugged submarine topography of the Azores supports a diverse heterozoan association resulting in intense biotically-controlled carbonate-production and accumulation. In order to characterise this cold-water (C) factory a 2-year experiment was carried out in the southern Faial Channel to study the biodiversity of hardground communities and for budgeting carbonate production and degradation along a bathymetrical transect from the intertidal to bathyal 500 m depth.Seasonal temperatures peak in September (above a thermocline) and bottom in March (stratification diminishes) with a decrease in amplitude and absolute values with depth, and tidal-driven short-term fluctuations. Measured seawater stable isotope ratios and levels of dissolved nutrients decrease with depth, as do the calcium carbonate saturation states. The photosynthetic active radiation shows a base of the euphotic zone in ∼70 m and a dysphotic limit in ∼150 m depth.Bioerosion, being primarily a function of light availability for phototrophic endoliths and grazers feeding upon them, is ∼10 times stronger on the illuminated upside versus the shaded underside of substrates in the photic zone, with maximum rates in the intertidal (−631 g/m 2 /yr). Rates rapidly decline towards deeper waters where bioerosion and carbonate accretion are slow and epibenthic/endolithic communities take years to mature. Accretion rates are highest in the lower euphotic zone (955 g/m 2 /yr), where the substrate is less prone to hydrodynamic force. Highest rates are found -inversely to bioerosion -on down-facing substrates, suggesting that bioerosion may be a key factor governing the preferCorrespondence to: M. Wisshak (max.wisshak@gzn.uni-erlangen.de) ential settlement and growth of calcareous epilithobionts on down-facing substrates.In context of a latitudinal gradient, the Azores carbonate cycling rates plot between known values from the coldtemperate Swedish Kosterfjord and the tropical Bahamas, with a total range of two orders in magnitude. Carbonate budget calculations for the bathymetrical transect yield a mean 266.9 kg of epilithic carbonate production, −54.6 kg of bioerosion, and 212.3 kg of annual net carbonate production per metre of coastline in the Azores C factory.

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Section: Light Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbonate Bioerosion and Accretion Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Wisshak¹,

Form

Jakobsen³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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“…Montgomery & Gerking (1980) also found brown algae to have higher energy contents than red algae. Endolithic algae appear to be an energy-rich food resource, which can be attributed to the blue-green and green algae that predominate in this vegetation type (Golubic et al 1975). Cyanobacteria have m~r e i n cell walls that contain an energy-rich lipopolysaccharide layer (van den Hoek 1978).…”

Section: Nutritional Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging by the stoplight parrotfish Sparisoma viride. I. Food selection in different, socially determined habitats

Bruggemann¹,

Oppen²,

Breeman³

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

177

166

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Food selection by the Canbbean stoplight parrotfish Spansoma vlrlde was lnvestlgated on a fnnging coral reef of Bonalre, Netherlands Antllles For different reef zones, the diet composition for each life phase was determined by descnption of randomly selected bites, and compared to the avallabllity of food resources, as determined w~t h the aid of chaln-llnk transects S viride employs an excavating grazing mode and feeds almost exclus~vely on algae associated with dead coral substrates Preferred food types are large and sparse turfs growlng on carbonate substrates inhabited by endohthic algae Crustose corallines, with or without algal turfs are not preferred Feeding forays were longer on the preferred food types Foraging preferences are related to nutntlonal quahty of the food types and their yleld, i e the amounts of blomass, proteln and energy that can be Ingested per bite, as calculated from the size of grazing scars and the biochemical composition of the algae In spite of selective foragIng, a large proportion of b~t e s is taken on infenor food types Endolithic algae constitute an Important food resource for scraping herbivores, such as S vlnde These algae have relatively hlgh energetic value, and allow a high yield as a result of weakening the carbonate matrix by thelr boring filaments The yield of algal resources also depends on the skeletal density of the limestone substrates On deeper reef parts ( > 3 5 m depth), low-density substrates predomnate, resulting in higher y~e l d s of algae per bite than are attalned from high-denslty substrates that predominate on shallower reef parts The increased availablllty of hlgh-yleld food and substrate types coinc~des w~t h the occurrence of harermc terrltorlal behavlour m S v i r~d e males on the deeper reef parts Terntones are defended agalnst conspeclflcs and have a n Important function as spawning sites It 1s argued that the access to supenor food resources on the deeper reef makes terntonal defence feaslble for S viride

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“…DISCUSSION Although many of the petrographic and geochemical characteristics of this unit are typical of diagenesis in shallow-water environments, some characteristics that were once thought to be diagnostic of shallow-water diagenesis are now realized to occur also in much deeperwater environments. For example, micrite rims that were once thought to form exclusively in the photic zone now are known to develop in abyssal depths (Golubic et al, 1975). Similarly, aragonite dissolution and calcite precipitation, so common during early, freshwater alteration, are now known to occur at considerable depth in seawater (Schlager and James, 1978), at depths comparable to those envisioned for Unit III.…”

Section: Petrographical Geochemical Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Diagenetic Models for Cretaceous Talus Deposits, Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 536, Gulf of Mexico

Halley¹,

Pierson²,

Schlager³

1984

Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project

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Talus deposits recovered from Site 536 show evidence of aragonite dissolution, secondary porosity development, and calcite cementation. Although freshwater diagenesis could account for the petrographic features of the altered talus deposits, it does not uniquely account for isotopic or trace-element characteristics. Also, the hydrologic setting required for freshwater alteration is not easily demonstrated for the Campeche Bank. A mixing-zone model does not account for the available trace-element data, but does require somewhat less drastic assumptions about the size of the freshwater lens. Although a seawater (bottom-water) alteration model requires no hydrologic difficulties, unusual circumstances are required to account for the geochemical characteristics of the talus deposits using this model.

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Boring Microorganisms and Microborings in Carbonate Substrates

Abstract: SYNOPSIS

Cited by 251 publications

References 43 publications

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Foraging by the stoplight parrotfish Sparisoma viride. I. Food selection in different, socially determined habitats

Alternative Diagenetic Models for Cretaceous Talus Deposits, Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 536, Gulf of Mexico

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