Boreal forest BVOC exchange: emissions versus in-canopy sinks

Zhou, Putian; Ganzeveld, L.; Taipale, Ditte; Rannik, Üllar; Rantala, Pekka; Rissanen, Matti; Chen, Dean; Boy, Michael

doi:10.5194/acp-17-14309-2017

Cited by 28 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The latter also involves a potentially important role in the deposition to wet leaf surfaces (the inferred wet surface uptake resistances for the monoterpenes are ∼ 300 s m −1 , similar to values reported by Zhou et al (2017)); the MLC-CHEM uses relative humidity as a proxy for the fraction of the leaf surface being wet (Lammel, 1999;Sun et al, 2016). This results in substantially smaller estimates of canopy wetness on 17 October compared to the following days, which partly explains the simulated high α-pinene mixing ratios.…”

Section: Modelling Analysissupporting

confidence: 69%

Monoterpene chemical speciation in a tropical rainforest:variation with season, height, and time of dayat the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO)

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Speciated monoterpene measurements in rainforest air are scarce, but they are essential for understanding the contribution of these compounds to the overall reactivity of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions towards the main atmospheric oxidants, such as hydroxyl radicals (OH), ozone (O 3 ) and nitrate radicals (NO 3 ). In this study, we present the chemical speciation of gas-phase monoterpenes measured in the tropical rainforest at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO, Amazonas, Brazil). Samples of VOCs were collected by two automated sampling systems positioned on a tower at 12 and 24 m height and analysed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. The samples were collected in October 2015, representing the dry season, and compared with previous wet and dry season studies at the site. In addition, vertical profile measurements (at 12 and 24 m) of total monoterpene mixing ratios were made using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry. The results showed a distinctly different chemical speciation between day and night. For instance, α-pinene was more abundant during the day, whereas limonene was more abundant at night. Reactivity calculations showed that higher abundance does not generally imply higher reactivity. Furthermore, inter-and intra-annual results demonstrate similar chemodiversity during the dry seasons analysed. Simulations with a canopy exchange modelling system show simulated monoterpene mixing ratios that compare relatively well with the observed mixing ratios but also indicate the necessity of more experiments to enhance our understanding of in-canopy sinks of these compounds.

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Section: Modelling Analysissupporting

confidence: 69%

Monoterpene chemical speciation in a tropical rainforest:variation with season, height, and time of dayat the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO)

et al. 2018

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“…During intensive field campaigns, isoprene and terpene concentrations are usually investigated using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry, a very efficient and fast technique (with a time resolution better than one second) but only providing 20 information about the sum of monoterpenes (Bouvier-Brown et al, 2009;de Gouw and Warneke, 2007;Park et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2017, Kammer et al, 2018 and sesquiterpenes (Bouvier-Brown et al, 2009, 2007Kim et al, 2009;Park et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2017), as it cannot distinguish individual structural isomers. If this type of instrument has recently been coupled to a fast gas-chromatography (GC) to separate monoterpenes (Materić et al, 2015), the feasibility for ambient…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimization of a gas chromatographic unit for measuring BVOCs in ambient air

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et al. 2019

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A new online gas chromatographic method dedicated to Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) analysis was developed for the measurement of a 20 BVOC gaseous mixture (-terpinene and 2-carene) at a time resolution of 90 minutes. The optimized method includes an online Peltier-cooled thermodesorption system sample trap made of Carbopack B coupled to a gas 15 chromatographic system equipped with a 60 m, 0.25 mm i.d. BPX5 column. Eluent was analysed using a flame ionization detection (FID). Potassium iodide was identified as the best ozone scrubber for the 20 BVOC mixture. In order to obtain an accurate quantification of BVOC concentrations, the development of a reliable standard mixture was also required.Quantification of BVOCs was reported with a detection limit ranging from 4 ppt for α-pinene to 19 ppt for sabinene. The main source of uncertainty was the calibration step, stressing the need of certified gaseous standards for a wider panel of 20BVOCs. This new method was applied for the first time to measure BVOCs in a pine forest during the LANDEX-episode-1 field campaign (summer 2017). All targeted BVOCs were detected at least once along the campaign. The two major monoterpenes observed were β-pinene and α-pinene, representing on average 60% of the measured terpenoïds, while isoprene represented only 17%. Uncertainties determined were always below 13% for the six major terpenes. Uncertainties may be larger for the other compounds especially for those presenting a mixing ratio close to the detection limit. 25

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“…Forest structure can be divided into three different layers: the forest floor, the understory and the canopy, and all of these act as sources of BVOCs. In forest stands, the canopy layer of living trees has a substantial volume and leaf area and it acts as the most important emission source for BVOCs (Zhou et al 2017), but can also act as a sink when atmospheric BVOCs such as MTs are taken up through stomata or when reaction products of rapidly reactive BVOCs such as SQTs are deposited on foliage (Zhou et al 2017). In addition to green foliage, wood, phloem and bark of trunk and branches of living trees act as important pools of stored BVOCs such as oleoresin MTs in conifer forests (Taipale et al 2011;Ghimire et al 2016).…”

Section: Bvocs Of Rhizosphere Litter and Understorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the functions of biogenic volatiles in boreal and temperate forest ecosystems

et al. 2019

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Living trees are the main source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in forest ecosystems, but substantial emissions originate from leaf and wood litter, the rhizosphere and from microorganisms. This review focuses on temperate and boreal forest ecosystems and the roles of BVOCs in ecosystem function, from the leaf to the forest canopy and from the forest soil to the atmosphere level. Moreover, emphasis is given to the question of how BVOCs will help forests adapt to environmental stress, particularly biotic stress related to climate change. Trees use their vascular system and emissions of BVOCs in internal communication, but emitted BVOCs have extended the communication to tree population and whole community levels and beyond. Future forestry practices should consider the importance of BVOCs in attraction and repulsion of attacking bark beetles, but also take an advantage of herbivore-induced BVOCs to improve the efficiency of natural enemies of herbivores. BVOCs are extensively involved in ecosystem services provided by forests including the positive effects on human health. BVOCs have a key role in ozone formation but also in ozone quenching. Oxidation products form secondary organic aerosols that disperse sunlight deeper into the forest canopy, and affect cloud formation and ultimately the climate. We also discuss the technical side of reliable BVOC sampling of forest trees for future interdisciplinary studies that should bridge the gaps between the forest sciences, health sciences, chemical ecology, conservation biology, tree physiology and atmospheric science.

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Boreal forest BVOC exchange: emissions versus in-canopy sinks

Cited by 28 publications

References 74 publications

Monoterpene chemical speciation in a tropical rainforest:variation with season, height, and time of dayat the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO)

Monoterpene chemical speciation in a tropical rainforest:variation with season, height, and time of dayat the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO)

Optimization of a gas chromatographic unit for measuring BVOCs in ambient air

Unravelling the functions of biogenic volatiles in boreal and temperate forest ecosystems

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