Bore-Hole Investigations in Yellowstone Park

Fenner, C. N.

doi:10.1086/624425

Cited by 90 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…One hole was drilled by the Carnegie Institute in 1929 (C-1 in the Myriad Group; Fenner, 1936), and three by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1967 (Y-1 in Black Sand Basin; Y-7 and Y-8 in Biscuit Basin; fig. 1).…”

Section: Lessons From Drillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure

Foley¹,

Fournier²,

Heasler³

et al. 2014

Open-File Report

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprodTo order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Suggested citation: Old Faithful Science Review Panel, 2014, Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful Area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its Relevance to Natural Resources and Infrastructure: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1058.. ISSN 2331ISSN -1258 Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Executive SummaryA panel of leading experts (The Old Faithful Science Review Panel) was convened by Yellowstone National Park (YNP) to review and summarize the geological and hydrological understanding that can inform National Park Service management of the Upper Geyser Basin area. We give an overview of present geological and hydrological knowledge of the Old Faithful hydrothermal (hot water) system and related thermal areas in the Upper Geyser Basin. We prioritize avenues for improving our understanding of key knowledge gaps that limit informed decision-making regarding human use in this fragile natural landscape. Lastly, we offer guidelines to minimize impacts to the hydrothermal system that could be used to aid decisions by park management.Old Faithful sits within the Upper Geyser Basin, an area of abundant hydrothermal activity where boiling waters extend from the surface to significant depth within glacial sediments and underlying volcanic rocks. The geyser systems are directly fed by waters recharged decades to millennia ago, which are surrounded by colder, younger waters. Activity of the geysers is controlled by complex subsurface plumbing with fractures and conduits separated by regions of low permeability. Observations over the past century indicate that the thermal areas and their features are both fragile and highly dynamic. Although Old Faithful has erupted regularly for the past 150 years, it exhibits changes in eruptive behavior over time, and the average interval between eruptions has increased by about 50 percent over the past 50 years. It is clear that human activity has modified the hydrothermal system in the past; conversely, natural features pose ongoing hazards to humans and human infrastructure.Current (2014) long-term programs to measure heat discharge by chloride-flux monitoring, and more recently by thermal-infrared imaging, are crucial for assessing the status of the hydrothermal system. Complementary studies could include airborne resistivity, environmental tracers, numerical modeling, and greater emphasis on...

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Section: Lessons From Drillingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure

Foley¹,

Fournier²,

Heasler³

et al. 2014

Open-File Report

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“…An originally acid solution for hydrothermal emanations can thus be postulated. Observations of effects of solutions on rocks in present day solfataric and hot spring environments indicate that acid solutions bring about the formation of 1 : 1 clay minerals and alkaline solutions favor the formation of 2 : 1 clay minerals (Burbank, 1950 ;Fenner, 1936 ;Schmitt, 1950). Synthesis studies on clay minerals are in agreement with this generalization (Ewell and Insley, 1935;Gruner, 1944;Nell, 1934Nell, , 1936Nell, , 1944Roy and 0sborn, 1954).…”

Section: Of Alteration Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Argillization in the Cochiti Mining District, New Mexico

Bundy

1957

Clays clay miner. (Natl. Conf. Clays Clay Miner.)

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Volcanic and intrusive rocks (InMnly andesite and monzonite) of Tertiary age are associated with gold-and silver-bearing quartz veins. Hydrothermal alteration took place in two stages. The first and less intense alteration stage is associated with economic mineralization ; metallization during the second and more intense stage is limited to pyrite.Alteration zones from the vein outward include : (1) dickite, (2) iUite-kaolinite, (3) vermiculite-halloysite, and (4) Alteration of ferromagnesian minerals and plagioclase resulted largely in the tbrmation of 2 : I clay mineral types. Orthoclase is altered chiefly to illite and kaolinite. Dickite and quartz are end products of the most intense alteration in the area.Chemical analyses of the altered rocks in general show a decrease in basic ions toward the vein. Less significant changes are shown by acidic ions. Analyses of illites indicate that substitution of K by Na, Fe, Ca and Mg has taken place near the vein as shown K by an overall decrease in K K K and ratios. Both sodium and potassium seem Na' Fo' Ca Mgg to be instrtmaental in the formation of well-developed illite crystals.Alteration stages operative in the Cochiti district were developed by the action of solutions probably ranging in pg from 4 to 10. Alteration zones were formed ponecontemporaneously with gradual outward migration of the least intense zones.

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“…48). The replacement of plagioclase by potash feldspar has been described by Fenner (1936) and Steiner (1953) as a process of rock alteration resulting from hot-spring activity. The precipitation of uranium followed potassic alteration and coincided with the beginning of a carbonate phase.…”

Section: Paragenettc Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for uranium in the United States

McKelvey¹

1955

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Bore-Hole Investigations in Yellowstone Park

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure

Hydrogeology of the Old Faithful area, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and its relevance to natural resources and infrastructure

Argillization in the Cochiti Mining District, New Mexico

Search for uranium in the United States

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