Bordetella pertussis infection in paediatric healthcare workers

Cunegundes, Kelly Simone Almeida; Moraes-Pinto, Maria Isabel de; Takahashi, Takuri; Kuramoto, Danielle Akemi Bergara; Weckx, Lily Yin

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2015.02.016

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The lack of an association between working in healthcare and pertussis suggests that exposures for HCWs in our study do not differ significantly from that of the general population. Although a study in Brazil found that the seroprevalence of immunity to pertussis was higher in groups of HCWs working with children [22], a study in Germany supports the findings of our study [23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Outbreaks of pertussis in healthcare settings have involved a number of different transmission routes, including transmission of pertussis between healthcare workers (HCWs) [18], infection of HCWs through contact with patients with pertussis [19], and a combination of both [20]. Studies have suggested that 1–6% of paediatric HCWs develop asymptomatic infection with B. pertussis [21, 22], although seroprevalence may not differ from that of the general population [23]. During the 2011 outbreak, booster vaccination of HCWs was considered as a control measure in order to reduce transmission of pertussis to neonates and young infants [24], but, as it is not considered the optimal strategy for reducing the burden of infection for infants, was not implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors for pertussis in adults and teenagers in England

et al. 2017

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Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis which can be fatal in infants. Although high vaccine coverage led to prolonged disease control in England, a national outbreak of pertussis in 2011 led to the largest increase in over two decades, including a marked increase in cases aged ⩾15 years. A case-control study in four regions of England was undertaken to investigate risk factors for pertussis in adolescents and adults, specifically employment type and professional and household contact with children. Pertussis cases were laboratory-confirmed and aged ⩾15 years. Controls were recruited through general practitioner nomination. Demographic and risk factor information were collected using an online survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate independent associations with outcome. Two hundred and thirty-one cases and 190 controls were recruited. None of the four employment variables (social care, education, health sector, patient contact) were significantly associated with pertussis. Professional contact with children aged < 1 year was associated with a significantly reduced odds of pertussis [odds ratio (OR) 0·25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·08-0·78, P = 0·017]. Household contact with ⩾1 child aged 10-14 years was associated with significantly increased odds of pertussis (OR 2·61, 95% CI 1·47-4·64, P = 0·001). Occupational contact with very young children was associated with reduced odds of pertussis, probably due to immune boosting by low-level exposures to B. pertussis. Sharing a household with a young adolescent was a significant risk factor for pertussis in adults and older teenagers. The primary focus of the childhood pertussis vaccination programmes is to prevent infant disease. Although evidence is emerging that adolescent vaccination does not provide indirect protection to infants, our results highlight the importance of children aged 10-14 years in pertussis transmission to older adolescents and adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for pertussis in adults and teenagers in England

et al. 2017

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“… PubMed Berezin et al ., 2014 29 2011–2012 Cross-sectional Adolfo Lutz Institute Household contacts of children with pertussis > 10 y 7.9%¶ n.r. PubMed Bellettini et al ., 2014 31 2011–2013 Case series One hospital clinic Suspected cases, Santa Casa de Misericórdia Porto Alegre > 10 y 9.3%‡ 10–19y: 8.1% 40–59y: 1.2% SciELO Torres et al ., 2015 25 2007–2013 Cross-sectional SINAN Confirmed cases, Paraná State > 10 y 13.4%‡ 10–19 y: 5.2% 20–49y: 7.7% ≥65 y: 0.5% PubMed Cunegundes et al ., 2015 30 2011 Cross-sectional Pediatric department of one tertiary hospital Paediatric healthcare workers > 21 y 6.4%¶ n.r. PubMed Pimentel et al ., 2015 32 2010–2011 Cross-sectional 10 outpatient clinics Suspected cases > 10 y 5.2% ¶ n.r.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All 14 studies were published between 2014 and 2017 ( Table 1). Nine of them [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] included data from the national surveillance system SINAN (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação [System for Notifiable Diseases]); two used convenience samples of household contacts 34 or healthcare workers; 35 each used data from one 36 or ten 37 hospital clinics; and one 12 study was a population-based study. We retrieved 11 crosssectional studies, 25,26,28,29,[31][32][33][34][35]37,38 one case-control study, 13 one case series, 36 and one literature review 14 (Table 1).…”

Section: Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Half of the studies used the definition of confirmed cases given by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) that includes the laboratory, epidemiological, and clinical criteria shown in Table 2. For the studies that did not describe the definitions used, it is reasonable to assume that those reporting SINAN data [30][31][32] followed the MoH definitions because the surveillance guidance is standardized by the MoH. The most common diagnostic procedures were B. pertussis culture and PCR (introduced in routine diagnosis at the National reference Center in 2010, 15 and in 2005 in the state of Paraná).…”

Section: Diagnostic Procedures and Pertussis Case Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of pertussis among adolescents, adults, and older adults in selected countries of Latin American: a systematic review

Nunes

Abreu

Furtado

et al. 2021

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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We aimed to describe the impact of pertussis on adolescents, adults, and older adults over 2007-2018 in selected Latin American countries by reviewing the literature. We searched the Medline, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, Scielo, Google Scholar, CAPES Journals Web-portal, and Cochrane databases for observational epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews of primary studies. Data were extracted and analyzed for all individuals aged ≥10 years. Of 6,891 studies identified only 25 were eligible. Studies were conducted in Brazil (14), Argentina (4), Colombia (4), Mexico (2) and Chile (1). Epidemiological data among target population were limited. No studies clearly assessed the status of asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic B. pertussis carriers in these age groups. Among all pertussis cases identified, the percentage of patients ≥10 years-old ranged between 2.1% and 66.7% depending on country and sample characteristics. The definition of cases, diagnostic methods, and age groups were not consistent across studies.

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Occupational Health Update

Weber

Rutala

2016

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

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Health care personnel are commonly exposed to infectious agents via sharp injuries (eg, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus), direct patient care (eg, pertussis and meningococcus), and the contaminated environment (eg, Clostridium difficile). An effective occupational program is a key aspect of preventing acquisition of an infection by offering the following: (1) education of health care personnel regarding proper handling of sharps, early identification and isolation of potentially infectious patients, and hand hygiene; (2) assuring immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases; and, (3) immediate availability of a medical evaluation after a nonprotected exposure to an infectious disease.

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Bordetella pertussis infection in paediatric healthcare workers

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Risk factors for pertussis in adults and teenagers in England

Risk factors for pertussis in adults and teenagers in England

Epidemiology of pertussis among adolescents, adults, and older adults in selected countries of Latin American: a systematic review

Occupational Health Update

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