Bordetella parapertussis isolates not expressing pertactin circulating in France

Bouchez, Valérie; Brun, Delphine; Dore, Gregory J.; Njamkepo, Elisabeth; Guiso, Nicole

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03303.x

Cited by 28 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Prn is highly conserved among the Bordetella species. Surprisingly, Prn − isolates of the human pathogen Bordetella parapertussis have also been found recently in France [33]. This finding supports our hypothesis that the role of Prn in fitness (or transmission) has diminished in some hosts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis in Japan

et al. 2012

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The adhesin pertactin (Prn) is one of the major virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough. However, a significant prevalence of Prn-deficient (Prn−) B. pertussis was observed in Japan. The Prn− isolate was first discovered in 1997, and 33 (27%) Prn− isolates were identified among 121 B. pertussis isolates collected from 1990 to 2009. Sequence analysis revealed that all the Prn− isolates harbor exclusively the vaccine-type prn1 allele and that loss of Prn expression is caused by 2 different mutations: an 84-bp deletion of the prn signal sequence (prn1ΔSS, n = 24) and an IS481 insertion in prn1 (prn1::IS481, n = 9). The frequency of Prn− isolates, notably those harboring prn1ΔSS, significantly increased since the early 2000s, and Prn− isolates were subsequently found nationwide. Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) revealed that 24 (73%) of 33 Prn− isolates belong to MLVA-186, and 6 and 3 Prn− isolates belong to MLVA-194 and MLVA-226, respectively. The 3 MLVA types are phylogenetically closely related, suggesting that the 2 Prn− clinical strains (harboring prn1ΔSS and prn1::IS481) have clonally expanded in Japan. Growth competition assays in vitro also demonstrated that Prn− isolates have a higher growth potential than the Prn+ back-mutants from which they were derived. Our observations suggested that human host factors (genetic factors and immune status) that select for Prn− strains have arisen and that Prn expression is not essential for fitness under these conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis in Japan

et al. 2012

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“…Our preliminary comparison of the clinical symptoms induced by isolates not expressing PRN and isolates expressing PRN in infants less than 6 months of age indicate no major clinical differences between the two groups [Bodilis and Guiso, 2013] All of these observations suggest that vaccineinduced immunity is again influencing the B. pertussis population. Furthermore, we have observed that, as reported for B. pertussis, the B. parapertussis isolates currently circulating in France do not express PRN [Bouchez et al 2011;Hegerle et al 2012]. This observation suggests that Pa vaccine-induced immunity has also affected B. parapertussis.…”

Section: Surveillance Of the Causal Agents Of Whooping Coughsupporting

confidence: 62%

How to fight pertussis?

Guiso

2013

Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines

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Universal pertussis vaccination has successfully decreased pertussis mortality and morbidity in childhood. However, despite intensive vaccination of young children, pertussis remains a major public health problem in both developing and industrialized regions. Recent epidemics in California and Australia demonstrated that the agent of the disease is still circulating. They also revealed several aspects that must not be neglected concerning vaccinepreventable diseases. Indeed, pertussis is one of the oldest vaccine-preventable bacterial diseases, so can provide a good illustration of all of the aspects associated with the need for surveillance after the introduction of vaccination. (i) The type of vaccine: two types of pertussis vaccine, whole cell and acellular, inducing different types of immunity are now used around the world. (ii) The vaccine strategy, the vaccine coverage and the duration of vaccine immunity: pertussis epidemics provide evidence that 90% of the infants must be vaccinated, vaccination must be sufficiently early and both vaccine-induced immunity and natural infection-induced immunity to pertussis wane with time indicating that pertussis is not only a pediatric disease. (iii) The agents of the disease, Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis: the intensive vaccination of young infants modified the herd immunity, controlled bacteria similar to the vaccine strains but not all, revealing polymorphism of the agents of the disease evidencing the importance of continuing their isolation and their surveillance as well as monitoring their antibiotic resistance. (iv) The diagnosis of the disease: the epidemics showed the importance of specific diagnostic techniques that are easy to use by medical laboratories and the availability of the reagents required. (v) Communication with the public, the health authorities and the health providers: any changes of vaccine type, vaccine strategy, characteristics of the disease, and biological diagnosis must be associated with appropriate communication with the public and training of healthcare workers. Currently, herd immunity needs to be increased by introducing vaccine boosters for adolescents and adults to protect the most vulnerable group: unvaccinated newborns.

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“…An additional human isolate, 97-219, was reported, paradoxically, as having both the 1-4a1/2-6a1 and the 1-3a/2-6a1 alleles (Diavatopoulos et al, 2005). The region 1 variant 1-4a1 has additionally been reported for 12 human isolates of Bordetella parapertussis, but accompanied only by region 2 sequences comprising eight to ten PQP repeats (Li et al, 1991;Mäkinen et al, 2003;Diavatopoulos et al, 2005;Bouchez et al, 2011). In B. bronchiseptica, 1-4a1 has been found in association with only the six-repeat region 2 variant 2-6a1 Isolate 22/M63/4/09, the sole seal isolate in our study with a genotype found in other hosts (RT1/ST14), was cultured from the intestine of a dead seal recovered on the Atlantic coast of south-west England.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel, host-restricted genotypes of Bordetella bronchiseptica associated with phocine respiratory tract isolates

Ivanov²,

Harvill³

et al. 2015

Microbiology

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During a succession of phocine morbillivirus outbreaks spanning the past 25 years, Bordetella bronchiseptica was identified as a frequent secondary invader and cause of death. The goal of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity and the molecular basis for host specificity among seal isolates from these outbreaks. MLST and PvuII ribotyping of 54 isolates from Scottish, English or Danish coasts of the Atlantic or North Sea revealed a single, host-restricted genotype. A single, novel genotype, unique from that of the Atlantic and North Sea isolates, was found in isolates from an outbreak in the Caspian Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based either on MLST sequence, ribotype patterns or genome-wide SNPs consistently placed both seal-specific genotypes within the same major clade but indicates a distinct evolutionary history for each. An additional isolate from the intestinal tract of a seal on the south-west coast of England has a genotype otherwise found in rabbit, guinea pig and pig isolates. To investigate the molecular basis for host specificity, DNA and predicted protein sequences of virulence genes that mediate host interactions were used in comparisons between a North Sea isolate, a Caspian Sea isolate and each of their closest relatives as inferred from genome-wide SNP analysis. Despite their phylogenetic divergence, fewer nucleotide and amino acid substitutions were found in comparisons of the two seal isolates than in comparisons with closely related strains. These data indicate isolates of B. bronchiseptica associated with respiratory disease in seals comprise unique, host-adapted and highly clonal populations.

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Bordetella parapertussis isolates not expressing pertactin circulating in France

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis in Japan

Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis in Japan

How to fight pertussis?

Novel, host-restricted genotypes of Bordetella bronchiseptica associated with phocine respiratory tract isolates

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