Boosting immune system against cancer by melatonin: A mechanistic viewpoint

Mortezaee, Keywan; Potes, Yaiza; Mirtavoos-Mahyari, Hanifeh; Motevaseli, Elahe; Shabeeb, Dheyauldeen; Musa, Ahmed Eleojo; Najafi, Masoud; Farhood, Bagher

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116960

Cited by 61 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…In particular, the endothelium of blood vessels is damaged which contributes to hemorrhage shock, a prominent and life-threating feature of an Ebola infection (49,54,55). In contrast to Ebola, melatonin stimulates the immune system (56,57), has anti-inflammatory actions (58,59), is a powerful direct and indirect free radical scavenger (60,61), and impacts platelet physiology and thrombin formation (62)(63)(64), all of which could aid in melatonin's ability to combat the consequences of Ebola infection.…”

Section: Melatonin As a Treatment For Ebola Virus Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high efficacy of melatonin as an agent to reduce viral infections likely stems from its wide ranging effects as a potent antioxidant (60,61,97,98), as a substantial anti-inflammatory agent (58,59,99), its high immunoenhancing capabilities (56,57) in addition to its direct modulation of intracellular and extracellular processes as summarized herein and which rendered exposed cells more resistant to the Ebola virus.…”

Section: Melatonin: Its Time Has Comementioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral”

Reíter

Sharma

2020

Melatonin Res.

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This review summarizes published reports on the utility of melatonin as a treatment for virus-mediated diseases. Of special note are the data related to the role of melatonin in influencing Ebola virus disease. This infection and deadly condition has no effective treatment and the published works documenting the ability of melatonin to attenuate the severity of viral infections generally and Ebola infection specifically are considered. The capacity of melatonin to prevent one of the major complications of an Ebola infection, i.e., the hemorrhagic shock syndrome, which often contributes to the high mortality rate, is noteworthy. Considering the high safety profile of melatonin, the fact that it is easily produced, inexpensive and can be self-administered makes it an attractive potential treatment for Ebola virus pathology.

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Section: Melatonin As a Treatment For Ebola Virus Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Melatonin: Its Time Has Comementioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral”

Reíter

Sharma

2020

Melatonin Res.

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“…The immune modulator properties of melatonin 35 displays both pro-and anti-inflammatory effects 36 by both melatonin receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms. 37 Proinflammatory actions enhance the resistance against pathogens.…”

Section: Immunological Functions Of Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Molina-Carballo

Jeréz-Calero

Muñóz-Hoyos

2020

Journal of Child Science

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Melatonin, produced in every cell that possesses mitochondria, acts as an endogenous free radical scavenger, and improves energetic metabolism and immune function, by complex molecular crosstalk with other intracellular compounds. There is greatly increasing evidence regarding beneficial effects of acute and chronic administration of high melatonin doses, in infectious, developmental, and degenerative pathologies, as an endothelial cell and every cell protectant.

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“…1,2 Nevertheless, melatonin exerts remarkable functional diversity benefiting the management of human diseases like cancer, atherosclerosis, respiratory diseases, and microbial infections (bacterial, fungal, viral, and some protozoans) via redox modulation. [3][4][5][6][7] It exhibits antiaging, antivenom, cytoprotective, and immunomodulatory effects. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The accumulated data on physiological and pharmacological functions of melatonin underscore its potential clinical significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin restores neutrophil functions and prevents apoptosis amid dysfunctional glutathione redox system

NaveenKumar

Hemshekhar

Jagadish

et al. 2020

Journal of Pineal Research

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Melatonin is a chronobiotic hormone, which can regulate human diseases like cancer, atherosclerosis, respiratory disorders, and microbial infections by regulating redox system. Melatonin exhibits innate immunomodulation by communicating with immune system and influencing neutrophils to fight infections and inflammation. However, sustaining redox homeostasis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in neutrophils are critical during chemotaxis, oxidative burst, phagocytosis, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Therefore, endogenous antioxidant glutathione (GSH) redox cycle is highly vital in regulating neutrophil functions. Reduced intracellular GSH levels and glutathione reductase (GR) activity in the neutrophils during clinical conditions like autoimmune disorders, neurological disorders, diabetes, and microbial infections lead to dysfunctional neutrophils. Therefore, we hypothesized that redox modulators like melatonin can protect neutrophil health and functions under GSH and GR activity–deficient conditions. We demonstrate the dual role of melatonin, wherein it protects neutrophils from oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis by reducing ROS generation; in contrast, it restores neutrophil functions like phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis in GSH and GR activity–deficient neutrophils by regulating ROS levels both in vitro and in vivo. Melatonin mitigates LPS‐induced neutrophil dysfunctions by rejuvenating GSH redox system, specifically GR activity by acting as a parallel redox system. Our results indicate that melatonin could be a potential auxiliary therapy to treat immune dysfunction and microbial infections, including virus, under chronic disease conditions by restoring neutrophil functions. Further, melatonin could be a promising immune system booster to fight unprecedented pandemics like the current COVID‐19. However, further studies are indispensable to address the clinical usage of melatonin.

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Boosting immune system against cancer by melatonin: A mechanistic viewpoint

Cited by 61 publications

References 99 publications

Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral”

Treatment of ebola and other infectious diseases: melatonin “goes viral”

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Melatonin restores neutrophil functions and prevents apoptosis amid dysfunctional glutathione redox system

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