Boosting Energy Storage Performance of Lead‐Free Ceramics via Layered Structure Optimization Strategy

Abstract

Owing to the current global scenario of environmental pollution and the energy crisis, the development of new dielectrics using lead‐free ceramics for application in advanced electronic and energy storage systems is essential because of the high power density and excellent stability of such ceramics. Unfortunately, most of them have low breakdown strength and/or low maximum polarization, resulting in low energy density and efficiency. To overcome this limitation here, lead‐free ceramics comprising a layered structure are designed and fabricated. By optimizing the distribution of the layered structure, a large maximum polarization and high applied electric field (>500 kV cm−1) can be achieved; these result in an ultrahigh recoverable energy storage density (≈7 J cm−3) and near ideal energy storage efficiency (≈95%). Furthermore, the energy storage performance without obvious deterioration over a broad range of operating frequencies (1–100 Hz), working temperatures (30–160 °C), and fatigue cycles (1–104). In addition, the prepared ceramics exhibit extremely high discharge energy density (4.52 J cm−3) and power density (405.50 MW cm−3). Here, the results demonstrate that the strategy of layered structure design and optimization is promising for enhancing the energy storage performance of lead‐free ceramics.

Lead‐Free Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics with Ultrahigh Energy Storage Densities via Polymorphic Polar Nanoregions Design

“…[1,2] Given the everincreasing demand for environmentally friendly, integration and miniaturization of electronic devices, one of the major obstacles for developing existing energy storage ceramics for capacitors is how to further improve their energy storage performances to a level comparable to that of lead-based ceramics widely used in commercial applications. [3][4][5] In recent years, researchers have invested significant efforts in lead-free relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) ceramics, such as BaTiO 3 (BT)-, [6][7][8] K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN)-, [9,10] Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT)- [11][12][13] NaNbO 3 (NN)- [14,15] and BiFeO 3 (BF)- [16,17] based ceramics. Among them, BNTbased ceramics are considered to be an One of the long-standing challenges of current lead-free energy storage ceramics for capacitors is how to improve their comprehensive energy storage properties effectively, that is, to achieve a synergistic improvement in the breakdown strength (E b ) and the difference between maximum polarization (P max ) and remnant polarization (P r ), making them comparable to those of lead-based capacitor materials.…”

“…In recent years, researchers have invested significant efforts in lead‐free relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) ceramics, such as BaTiO 3 (BT)‐, [ 6–8 ] K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN)‐, [ 9,10 ] Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT)‐ [ 11–13 ] NaNbO 3 (NN)‐ [ 14,15 ] and BiFeO 3 (BF)‐ [ 16,17 ] based ceramics. Among them, BNT‐based ceramics are considered to be an up‐and‐coming candidates due to their enormous polarization responses under electric field.…”

High Energy Storage Performance and Large Electrocaloric Response in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 Thin Films

“…Among the various energy storage technologies, dielectric capacitors exhibit fast charge–discharge speed and high power density. Therefore, they play a vital role in many energy applications. ,,− The energy storage performance-related parameters of dielectric capacitors, such as the recoverable energy storage density ( W rec ) and efficiency ( η ), can be calculated using the following formulas: − W tot = prefix∫ 0 P max E d P W rec = prefix∫ P normalr P max E d P η = W rec W tot × 100 % where W tot is the total energy storage density and P r , P max , and E refer to the remanent polarization, maximum polarization, and applied field, respectively. Two decisive parameters should be considered to achieve outstanding energy storage performance.…”

Temperature-Resistant Intrinsic High Dielectric Constant Polyimides: More Flexibility of the Dipoles, Larger Permittivity of the Materials

“…With the continuous development of electronic devices and the electronics industry, dielectric capacitors have shown great potential and impact in photovoltaic devices [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], new energy vehicles [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], inverters [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], and other industries. Compared to inorganic dielectrics [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] and polymer nanocomposites [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], intrinsic polymer dielectrics have gradually become the research hotspot because of their good structural designability, flexibility, solution processing, low processing temperature, and high breakdown field strength. One of the most important traditional polymer dielectrics used in film capacitors is biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), which has a high breakdown strength and a low dielectric loss.…”