2023
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278591
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Boost the resilience of protected areas to shocks by reducing their dependency on tourism

Abstract: Ecotourism is widely considered a strong mechanism for the sustainable funding of protected areas (PAs). Implemented during the 1990s in Madagascar, nature-based tourism experienced positive growth over the last 30 years with increasing numbers of visits to the parks and reserves. Revenue earned from entrance fees to the network of PAs managed by Madagascar National Parks has never been sufficient to finance their management. Political crises and the COVID-19 pandemic in particular, have highlighted for park m… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…As a result, numerous threatened species rely on tourism for their continued survival [30]. This creates risks when tourism revenues decline, as occurred dur-ing the COVID-19 pandemic [31]. Most recently, the economic scale of nature-based tourism has been revisited [32], together with the economic scale of mental health exports, and the various different types of valuation ascribed by parks and nature tourists [33].…”
Section: Economics Of Conservationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As a result, numerous threatened species rely on tourism for their continued survival [30]. This creates risks when tourism revenues decline, as occurred dur-ing the COVID-19 pandemic [31]. Most recently, the economic scale of nature-based tourism has been revisited [32], together with the economic scale of mental health exports, and the various different types of valuation ascribed by parks and nature tourists [33].…”
Section: Economics Of Conservationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is a form of tourism that supports the conservation of natural places while promoting social welfare and economic diversification in economically marginalised communities, such as poor, indigenous, and rural regions [1]. Since the mid-1990s, ecotourism has increased in the tourism industry [2]. In 2008, ecotourism was regarded as one of the fastest-growing tourism sectors, providing 5% of the global annual growth rate, 6% of the global GDP, and 11.4% of overall consumer expenditure [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%