In this paper, attention is paid to one of the significant changes of recent times — the need for a wide application of professional judgment by an accountant. Th e purpose of the study is to prove that the accountant’s judgment is of great importance both in the past and in the present and in the future. Th e results of the study allow us to state the existence of a close relationship between the historical aspects of accounting and modern methods of accounting, which confirms the relevance of the history of the development of accounting, the need to study it for deeper penetration into accounting disciplines and expanding the educational horizon.