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Goetzl, Edward J.; Epstein, Lois B.; Novey, Harold S.

doi:10.1007/bf00915429

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Our results demonstrate a non-neuronal expression of NPY in rat and mouse, in support of the emerging view that the synthesis of many neuropeptides is not restricted to cells of the nervous system (24)(25)(26)(27)(28). RNA blot analyses and radioimmunoassays revealed the presence of both NPY mRNA and NPY peptide in rat and mouse spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Detection of neuropeptide Y and its mRNA in megakaryocytes: enhanced levels in certain autoimmune mice.

Ericsson¹,

Schalling²,

McIntyre³

et al. 1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Neuropeptide tyrosine (neuropeptide Y, NPY) is a potent vasoconstrictor with a wide distribution in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Here we show that high levels of rat NPY mRNA are also found in peripheral blood cells, bone marrow, lung, and spleen. Furthermore, radioimmunoassay revealed high levels of NPY-like peptide in these tissues. In mice, the levels of splenic NPY mRNA and immunoreactive peptide differed extensively between strains and were greatly elevated in several strains (NZB, NZBxW, and BXSB) that develop a disease resembling human systemic lupus erythematosus. Like the rat, the NZB mouse showed a high content of NPY mRNA in peripheral blood cells and bone marrow. Immunohistochemical staining revealed NPY-like immunoreactivity in large cells morphologically identifiable as megakaryocytes in rat bone marrow and in the spleen of the NZB mouse strain. Expression of NPY mRNA in megakaryocytes in rat bone marrow and NZB mouse spleen was confirmed by in situ hybridization. These results indicate that NPY is synthesized in megakaryocytes, implying that NPY can be released from platelets and function as a vasoconstrictor during blood-vessel damage. In addition, the increase in splenic NPY in certain autoimmune mouse strains adds to the list of abnormalities associated with these strains.Neuropeptide Y (NPY), first isolated from pig brain by Tatemoto et al. (1), is abundant and widespread in the mammalian nervous system (2-7). In addition, NPY-like immunoreactivity has been found in chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland (8). The colocalization of NPY with catecholamines in numerous peripheral and central neurons (2, 9), together with its prejunctional inhibitory effects on transmitter release and its vasoconstrictor actions, suggests a function for NPY as a neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator (2, 10). The structure of the NPY precursor has been deduced from a human cDNA clone (11) and from the rat gene (12). The rat NPY precursor consists of 98 amino acids including a signal peptide of 29 amino acids (12). At least two proteolytic processing sites are found within the NPY precursor; cleavage at these sites generates the 36 amino acid-long mature NPY peptide and a 30 amino acid-long carboxylterminal peptide (12). The human (13) and rat (12) genes are highly homologous and each consists of four exons, with almost the entire mature peptide encoded in the second exon.In accordance with the widespread distribution of NPYlike immunoreactivity in the brain (3, 4, 6, 7), Larhammar et al. (12) recently showed that NPY mRNA is present throughout the rat brain, with particularly high levels in the cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb. In rat peripheral organs, high levels of NPY mRNA were detected in the adrenal gland, heart, and spleen (12). The high level of NPY mRNA in rat spleen was unexpected, since no neuronal cell bodies are known in this organ, although many NPY-containing nerve terminals exist (2,14). In this paper we show that rat and mouse NPY mRNA and peptide are synthesized in megakar...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Detection of neuropeptide Y and its mRNA in megakaryocytes: enhanced levels in certain autoimmune mice.

Ericsson¹,

Schalling²,

McIntyre³

et al. 1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…T cells are known to secrete MMP-2 and MMP-9 (64). The potential importance of the versatile activities of MMPs in autoimmune and inflammatory responses has been suggested by the inhibitory effects of specific MMP inhibitors, which have been shown to suppress damage to specialized tissue structures in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (64). In our system, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were measured by using gelatin zymography in lymph node-derived T cells of mice that were immunized with p259-271 and either treated or not treated with the dual APL.…”

Section: The Inhibitory Effects Of the Dual Apl On T Cell Adhesion Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic vaccines in autoimmunity

Sela

Mozes

2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Similarly to prophylactic vaccines whose purpose is to prevent infectious diseases, therapeutic vaccines against autoimmune diseases are based on their similarity to the putative causes of the disease. We shall describe here two such examples: a copolymer of amino acids related to myelin basic protein, in the case of multiple sclerosis, and a peptide derived from the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (

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“…PGE2 can induce apoptosis in mononuclear cells in vitro as well as in vivo under various conditions [8,9,27,28], although it has also been reported to suppress activation-induced apoptosis [10]. In murine B-cell lines, a dose-dependent growth inhibition of immature cells was reported, whereas mature cell lines were less susceptible [20].…”

Section: 3 Functional Pge2 Receptors Of the Ep4 Subtype On Human Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, PGE2 supports the class switch from IgM to IgE in B-lymphocytes [6,7]. Finally, it can modulate agonist-induced apoptosis in T-and B-lymphocytes [8][9][10]. It is as yet unknown by which type of PGE2 receptor these effects are mediated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exclusive expression of the Gs‐linked prostaglandin E₂ receptor subtype 4 mRNA in human mononuclear Jurkat and KM‐3 cells and coexpression of subtype 4 and 2 mRNA in U‐937 cells

1996

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Book reviews

Cited by 23 publications

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Detection of neuropeptide Y and its mRNA in megakaryocytes: enhanced levels in certain autoimmune mice.

Detection of neuropeptide Y and its mRNA in megakaryocytes: enhanced levels in certain autoimmune mice.

Therapeutic vaccines in autoimmunity

Exclusive expression of the Gs‐linked prostaglandin E₂ receptor subtype 4 mRNA in human mononuclear Jurkat and KM‐3 cells and coexpression of subtype 4 and 2 mRNA in U‐937 cells

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Book reviews

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Detection of neuropeptide Y and its mRNA in megakaryocytes: enhanced levels in certain autoimmune mice.

Detection of neuropeptide Y and its mRNA in megakaryocytes: enhanced levels in certain autoimmune mice.

Therapeutic vaccines in autoimmunity

Exclusive expression of the Gs‐linked prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 mRNA in human mononuclear Jurkat and KM‐3 cells and coexpression of subtype 4 and 2 mRNA in U‐937 cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Exclusive expression of the Gs‐linked prostaglandin E₂ receptor subtype 4 mRNA in human mononuclear Jurkat and KM‐3 cells and coexpression of subtype 4 and 2 mRNA in U‐937 cells