Book Review: Women and sport in Asia

Yan, Feng; Imran, Muhammad

doi:10.1177/08861099221090028

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Venn diagrams were used to observe congruence and complementarity between hotspots identified using the different diversity measures. The diagrams were built with the function ggvenn() in the ‘ggvenn’ package (Yan & Yan, 2021). To describe the similarity between measures, Pearson coefficients of correlation between species richness (ICE, Incidence Coverage‐based Estimator), taxonomic diversity (Δ + Taxonomic Distinctness) and the FD measures (FRic and FDiv) were calculated in R.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited complementarity of functional and taxonomic diversity in Chilean benthic marine invertebrates

Pino,

Webb

2024

Diversity and Distributions

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AimPatterns of benthic biodiversity at the macroecological scale remain poorly characterised throughout the Chilean latitudinal gradient, in part due to the lack of integrated databases, uneven sampling effort, and the use of species richness alone to quantify biodiversity. Different diversity measures, encompassing taxonomic and functional components, may give us extra information on biodiversity relevant to conservation planning and management. Thus, evaluating the spatial complementarity of these measures is essential.LocationCoast and continental shelf of Chile.MethodsThe latitudinal gradient of Chile was divided into five ecoregions according to the Marine Ecosystems of the World classification. Using a 55 × 55 km equal area grid, we estimated the incidence coverage‐based estimator (ICE), taxonomic distinctness (Δ+) and three measures of functional diversity: functional richness (FRic), functional evenness (FEve) and functional divergence (FDiv). For each measure, we described spatial patterns, identified hotspots, evaluated hotspot congruence and evaluated complementarity between measures.ResultsDiversity patterns varied between ecoregions and over the latitudinal gradient. ICE and Δ+ peaked in the Chiloense and Channels and Fjords ecoregions. Δ+ and FRic present a similar pattern at mid‐latitudes. FEve showed a contrary pattern, principally with FRic. Areas with high numbers of hotspots differed spatially according to each metric, and three latitudinal bands were observed. ICE, Δ+ and FRic were positively correlated, but the hotspot overlap at the grid cell level was more limited.Main ConclusionsThe complementarity between taxonomic and functional diversity measures is limited when we observe the overlap between grid cells representing hotspots. However, some regions are consistently identified as highly diverse, with the Magellanic Province (Chiloense and Channels and Fjords ecoregions) being the most important for the richness, taxonomic and functional diversity of benthos. Confirmation of the importance of this region can help prioritise conservation efforts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limited complementarity of functional and taxonomic diversity in Chilean benthic marine invertebrates

Pino,

Webb

2024

Diversity and Distributions

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“…We then calculated the sequencing depths in order to reach 90% of the total fish ASVs or species. Overlaps of the ASVs and species between the platforms were visualized using the “ggvenn” package . Paired t tests were performed to compare the number of ASVs and species between the platforms …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overlaps of the ASVs and species between the platforms were visualized using the "ggvenn" package. 54 Paired t tests were performed to compare the number of ASVs and species between the platforms. 55 Profile of Fish Diversity.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fishing eDNA in One of the World’s Largest Rivers: A Case Study of Cross-Sectional and Depth Profile Sampling in the Yangtze

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The world's largest rivers are home to diverse, endemic, and threatened fish species. However, their sheer sizes make large-scale biomonitoring challenging. While environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has become an established monitoring approach in smaller freshwater ecosystems, its suitability for large rivers may be challenged by the sheer extent of their cross sections (>1 km wide and tens of meters deep). Here, we sampled fish eDNA from multiple vertical layers and horizontal locations from two cross sections of the lower reach of the Yangtze River in China. Over half of the ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) were detected in only a single combination of the vertical layers and horizontal locations, with ∼7% across all combinations. We estimated the need to sample >100 L of water across the cross-sectional profiles to achieve ASV richness saturation, which translates to ∼60 L of water at the species level. No consistent pattern emerged for prioritizing certain depth and horizontal samples, yet we underline the importance of sampling and integrating different layers and locations simultaneously. Our study highlights the significance of spatially stratified sampling and sampling volumes when using eDNA approaches. Specifically, we developed and tested a scalable and broadly applicable strategy that advances the monitoring and conservation of large rivers.

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“…34 P-value < 0.1 was considered significant. Biomarkers that were significantly modulated under multiple sample conditions were visualized in a Venn diagram using the ggvenn 35 package.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Of Cytokine and Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burn Pit Smoke Condensate-Mediated Toxicity in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

Ghosh,

Payton,

Gallant

et al. 2024

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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Burn pits are a method of open-air waste management that was common during military operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other regions in Southwest Asia. Veterans returning from deployment have reported respiratory symptoms, potentially from exposure to burn pit smoke, yet comprehensive assessment of such exposure on pulmonary health is lacking. We have previously shown that exposure to condensates from burn pit smoke emissions causes inflammation and cytotoxicity in mice. In this study, we explored the effects of burn pit smoke condensates on human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) to understand their impact on cellular targets in the human lung. HAECs were cultured at the air–liquid interface (ALI) and exposed to burn pit waste smoke condensates (plywood, cardboard, plastic, mixed, and mixed with diesel) generated under smoldering and flaming conditions. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release; toxicity scores (TSs) were quantified for each exposure. Pro-inflammatory cytokine release and modulation of gene expression were examined for cardboard and plastic condensate exposures. Burn pit smoke condensates generated under flaming conditions affected cell viability, with flaming mixed waste and plywood exhibiting the highest toxicity scores. Cardboard and plastic smoke condensates modulated cytokine secretion, with GM-CSF and IL-1β altered in more than one exposure group. Gene expression of detoxifying enzymes (ALDH1A3, ALDH3A1, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NQO1, etc.), mucins (MUC5AC, MUC5B), and cytokines was affected by several smoke condensates. Particularly, expression of IL6 was elevated following exposure to all burn pit smoke condensates, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon acenaphthene was positively associated with the IL-6 level in the basolateral media of HAECs. These observations demonstrate that exposure to smoke condensates of materials present in burn pits adversely affects HAECs and that aberrant cytokine secretion and altered gene expression profiles following burn pit material smoke exposure could contribute to the development of airway disease.

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Book Review: Women and sport in Asia

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Limited complementarity of functional and taxonomic diversity in Chilean benthic marine invertebrates

Limited complementarity of functional and taxonomic diversity in Chilean benthic marine invertebrates

Fishing eDNA in One of the World’s Largest Rivers: A Case Study of Cross-Sectional and Depth Profile Sampling in the Yangtze

Burn Pit Smoke Condensate-Mediated Toxicity in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

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