Book Review - Ventilation Effectiveness:<i>REHVA Guidebook</i>

Mundt, Elisabeth

doi:10.1080/14733315.2004.11683922

Cited by 25 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Note that the susceptible exposure index is a reciprocal of the commonly used “local ventilation index”; see Qian et al . and Mundt et al A high susceptible exposure index also means a high exposure by the susceptible individual to the airborne substances exhaled by the source patient. If the susceptible exposure index is unity (1), the air in the room was fully mixed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-range airborne transmission of expiratory droplets between two people

et al. 2016

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The occurrence of close proximity infection for many respiratory diseases is often cited as evidence of large droplet and/or close contact transmission. We explored interpersonal exposure of exhaled droplets and droplet nuclei of two standing thermal manikins as affected by distance, humidity, ventilation, and breathing mode. Under the specific set of conditions studied, we found a substantial increase in airborne exposure to droplet nuclei exhaled by the source manikin when a susceptible manikin is within about 1.5 m of the source manikin, referred to as the proximity effect. The threshold distance of about 1.5 m distinguishes the two basic transmission processes of droplets and droplet nuclei, that is, short-range modes and the long-range airborne route. The short-range modes include both the conventional large droplet route and the newly defined short-range airborne transmission. We thus reveal that transmission occurring in close proximity to the source patient includes both droplet-borne (large droplet) and short-range airborne routes, in addition to the direct deposition of large droplets on other body surfaces. The mechanisms of the droplet-borne and short-range airborne routes are different; their effective control methods also differ. Neither the current droplet precautions nor dilution ventilation prevents short-range airborne transmission, so new control methods are needed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-range airborne transmission of expiratory droplets between two people

et al. 2016

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“…19/31 values between 50% and 100% [15]. This value is representative of how the ventilation system replaces the air of the chamber.…”

Section: Ventilation Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, transmission by small droplets or droplet nuclei (< 5 µm diameter) is the dominant mode for influenza spreading [14]. A convenient ventilation strategy can reduce the possibility of these infections [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental evaluation of thermal comfort, ventilation performance indices and exposure to airborne contaminant in an airborne infection isolation room equipped with a displacement air distribution system

Berlanga

Adana

Olmedo

et al. 2018

Energy and Buildings

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This study is focused in determine the convenience of the use of displacement ventilation strategy in airborne infection isolation rooms (AIIRs). Comfort of the occupants of the chamber, IAQ indices and the exposition of the health worker (HW) to the contaminants emitted by the confined patient (P) are considered in a typical AIIR set up with a hot radiant wall representing an external wall. Three air ventilation rates are tested to determine their influence in the studied variables. Results show that IAQ indices associated with ventilation and general comfort indices for both manikins performs well in the cases studied. Lockup phenomenon associated to displacement ventilation occurs above P but it has a low influence on contaminant exposition of HW because of the influence of the convective boundary layer of HW. The influence of the radiant wall derives part of the fresh air directly to the exhaust and has a low influence the comfort of the manikins.

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“…One method used to measure the effectiveness of ventilation systems is the contaminant removal efficiency (CRE) as proposed by Mundt et al [31] and later by Cheong and Phua [32]. CRE is used to determine the level of exposure to contaminants for a person (or manikin) at the point or zone of inhalation.…”

Section: Indoor Air Quality Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design and Simulation of Natural Personalised Ventilation (NPV) System for Multi-Bed Hospital Wards

Adamu

Price

2015

Buildings

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Adequate ventilation is necessary for thermal comfort and reducing risks from infectious bio-aerosols in hospital wards, but achieving this with mechanical ventilation has carbon and energy implications. Natural ventilation is often limited to window-based designs whose dilution/mixing effectiveness are subject to constraints of wind speed, cross ventilation, and in the case of hospital wards, proximity of patients to external walls. A buoyancy-driven natural ventilation system capable of achieving dilution/mixing was shown to be feasible in a preceding study of novel system called natural personalised ventilation (NPV). This system combined both architecture and airflow engineering principles of space design and buoyancy and was tested and validated (salt-bath experiment) for a single bed ward. This research extends the previous work and is proof-of-concept on the feasibility of NPV system for multi-bed wards. Two different four-bed ward types were investigated of using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations under wind-neutral conditions. Results predict that NPV system could deliver fresh air to multiple patients, including those located 10 m away from external wall, with absolute flow rates of between 32 L·s for each patient/bed. Compared to same wards simulated using window design, ingress of airborne contaminants into patients' breathing zone and summer overheating potential were minimised, while overall ward dilution was maximised. Findings suggest the NPV has potentials for enabling architects and building service engineers to decouple airflow delivery from the visualisation and illumination responsibilities placed upon windows. OPEN ACCESSBuildings 2015, 5 382

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Book Review - Ventilation Effectiveness:REHVA Guidebook

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Short-range airborne transmission of expiratory droplets between two people

Short-range airborne transmission of expiratory droplets between two people

Experimental evaluation of thermal comfort, ventilation performance indices and exposure to airborne contaminant in an airborne infection isolation room equipped with a displacement air distribution system

The Design and Simulation of Natural Personalised Ventilation (NPV) System for Multi-Bed Hospital Wards

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